如何在打字稿中为对象的通用键类型分配值类型？

Question

I'm trying to write a function that merges, and sorts already sorted arrays into one sorted array. It accepts array of array of objects, and a key to compare which will be the base of the comparison. I need to make sure that the value of the provided key is always a number.

Here's what I'm at so far:

const sortMerge = <
  A extends Array<I>,
  K extends keyof A[number],
  I = A[number] & {
    [key in K]: number;
  },
>(
  arrays: A[],
  key: K,
  sortMethod = SortMethod.asc,
) => {
  const indexesOfArrays = arrays.map(() => 0);

  const mergedSorted = [];

  while (arrays.some((array, i) => array.length > indexesOfArrays[i])) {
    const currentItemsOfArrays = arrays.map(
      (array, arrayIndex) => array[indexesOfArrays[arrayIndex]],
    );
    const comparison = currentItemsOfArrays.map((item) =>
      item ? item[key] : (sortMethod === SortMethod.asc ? Infinity : -Infinity),
    );

    const nextArrayIndex = comparison.indexOf(
      Math[sortMethod === SortMethod.asc ? 'min' : 'max'](...comparison),
    );
    const nextItem = currentItemsOfArrays[nextArrayIndex];

    mergedSorted.push(nextItem);
    indexesOfArrays[nextArrayIndex]++;
  }
  return mergedSorted;
};

Everything's fine, but it doesn't recognise I[K] as number , but that's what I was trying to do with defining both K , and I as generics.

What am I doing wrong?

Expected errors/types:

 const missingKey = [ { a: 1 } ]; const valid = [ { a: 2, b: 3 } ]; const anotherValid = [ { c: 3, b: 4 } ]; sortMerge([missingKey, valid], 'b') // missingKey[number] is missing property 'b'; sortMerge([valid, anotherValid], 'b') // expected return type: ({ a: number, b: number } | { c: number, b: number })[]

Answer 1

I have changed generic constraints a bit:

enum SortMethod {
  asc = 'asc',
}
const sortMerge = <
  Key extends PropertyKey,
  Elem1 extends Record<Key, number>,
  Elem2 extends Record<Key, number>,

  Arr1 extends Elem1[],
  Arr2 extends Elem2[],
  Arrays extends [Arr1, Arr2]
>(
  arrays: [...Arrays],
  key: Key,
  sortMethod = SortMethod.asc,
): (Arrays[number][number])[] => {
  const indexesOfArrays = arrays.map(() => 0);

  const mergedSorted = [];

  while (arrays.some((array, i) => array.length > indexesOfArrays[i])) {
    const currentItemsOfArrays = arrays.map(
      (array, arrayIndex) => array[indexesOfArrays[arrayIndex]],
    );
    const comparison = currentItemsOfArrays.map((item) =>
      item ? item[key] : (sortMethod === SortMethod.asc ? Infinity : -Infinity),
    );

    const nextArrayIndex = comparison.indexOf(
      Math[sortMethod === SortMethod.asc ? 'min' : 'max'](...comparison),
    );
    const nextItem = currentItemsOfArrays[nextArrayIndex];

    mergedSorted.push(nextItem);
    indexesOfArrays[nextArrayIndex]++;
  }
  return mergedSorted;
}

const missingKey = [{ a: 1 }];
const valid = [{ a: 2, b: 3 }];
const anotherValid = [{ c: 3, b: 4 }];

sortMerge([missingKey, valid], 'b') // missingKey[number] is missing property 'b';
const x = sortMerge([valid, anotherValid], 'b')

Playground

If you want to infer keys of nested object or object in the array, you should start from the bottom.

Key - infered property of object

Elem - infered object where keys are Key

Arr - infered array of Elem

Arrays - infered array of Arr

As you might have noticed, I have started from infering the bottom level of prop and finished infering the top argument.

If you are interested in type inference on function arguments, you can check my article