VBA ADO 将数组参数传递给存储过程

Question

I have an array with 3 column and 100K of rows in VBA MS Excel file.

I want to pass this array to SQL Server Stored Procedure and in the Stored Procedure to convert it to Tmp-table and do my "things.."

How do I pass an array to Stored Procedure?

This is an example of my VBA array:

Col1 | Col2 | Col3 
1      AAA     XXX
2      BBB     YYY
3      CCC     ZZZ

The VBA code:

......

Set Cmd = CreateObject("ADODB.Command")

Cmd.CommandType = 4 
Cmd.NamedParameters = True
Cmd.ActiveConnection = DbConn
Cmd.CommandText = "My_SP_WithArrayParam"

''I dont know what parameters to use here:
Cmd.Parameters.Append Cmd.CreateParameter("@Arr", ??? , ?? , ??? , My_100K_Arr)

Cmd.Execute

And in the SQL side:

Create or alter proc My_SP_WithArrayParam(
                                            @Arr ???
                                            )
as 
begin
    create table #Tbl_From_Excel (
                                ID int
                                ,COL1 nvarchar(60)
                                ,COL2 nvarchar(60)
                                )

    ---Need to insert the array to the tmp table, and I dont know the syntax

end 

Answer 1

An array of objects can be passed as aa structured parameter value, such as a table-valued parameter, XML, or json (SQL 2016 and later). Although newer SQL Server drivers support table-valued parameters, ADODB (aka ADO classic) does not. I suggest a json string over XML since it has a smaller payload and is parsed efficiently by SQL Server.

Below is VBA example code. The SQL call only took a few seconds but building the json string with traditional string concatenation took a couple of minutes on my workstation. Performant string building in VBA requires much attention to detail but it seems there are techniques to improve it considerably if you want to go there.

Stored procedure:

CREATE OR ALTER PROC My_SP_WithArrayParam
    @Arr nvarchar(MAX)
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON;
    SELECT Col1, Col2, Col3
    INTO #Tbl_From_Excel 
FROM OPENJSON(@arr)
WITH (
     Col1 int
    ,Col2 varchar(100)
    ,Col3 varchar(100)
);
GO

ArrayEntry class:

Option Explicit

Public Col1 As Long
Public Col2 As String
Public Col3 As String

Public Function getJson()
    Dim json As String
    ` note if double quotes may exist in values, they need to be escaped with a backslash
    ' TODO: string building optimization
    getJson = "{""Col1"":""" & CStr(Col1) & """,""Col2"":""" & Col2 & """,""Col3"":""" & Col3 & """}"
End Function

Sample usage code:

' load 100000 array entries
Dim arrayEntries(100000) As ArrayEntry
Dim i As Long
For i = 0 To 99999
    Set entry = New ArrayEntry
    Set arrayEntries(i) = entry
    entry.Col1 = i
    entry.Col2 = "AAA"
    entry.Col3 = "XXX"
Next i

' build json from array (TODO: string building optimization)
Dim json As String
json = "["
For i = 0 To 99999
    Set entry = arrayEntries(i)
    If i > 0 Then json = json & ","
    json = json & entry.getJson()
Next
json = json & "]"

' call proc with json parameter
con.Open "Provider=MSOLEDBSQL;Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=YourDatabase;Integrated Security=SSPI;"
cmd.ActiveConnection = con
cmd.CommandText = "My_SP_WithArrayParam"
cmd.CommandType = adCmdStoredProc
cmd.Parameters.Append cmd.CreateParameter("@json", adVarChar, adParamInput, -1, json)
cmd.Execute
con.Close
Set cmd = Nothing
Set con = Nothing