如何从.xlsx 文件创建具有多个空格作为分隔符的.dat 文件

Question

I have an xlsx file, where each row corresponds to a sample with associated features in each column, as shown here: xlsx file example

I am trying to convert this xlsx file into a dat file, with multiple spaces separating the columns, as displayed in the example below:

samples      property  feature1  feature2  feature3
sample1       3.0862    0.8626    0.7043    0.6312
sample2       2.8854    0.7260    0.7818    0.6119
sample3       0.6907    0.4943    0.0044    0.4420
sample4       0.9902    0.0106    0.0399    0.9877
sample5       0.7242    0.0970    0.3199    0.5504

I have tried doing this by creating a dataframe in pandas and using dataframe.to_csv to save the file as a.dat, but it only allows me to use one character as a delimiter.Does anyone know how I might go about creating a file like the one above?

Answer 1

You can use the string representation to_string of the dataframe, imported by pandas from Excel:

df = pd.read_excel('input.xlsx')
with open ('output.dat', 'w') as f:
    f.write(df.to_string(index=False))

Answer 2

This is another approach to do so without using DataFrame . We will have more flexibility since we do all the structure ourselves from the ground up.

Suppose you have read the xlsx file and store it in the form of 2-d list as follows:

lines = [['sample1', 3.0862, 0.8626, 0.7043, 0.6312],
        ['sample2', 2.8854, 0.7260, 0.7818, 0.6119],
        ['sample3', 0.6907, 0.4943, 0.0044, 0.4420],
        ['sample4', 0.9902, 0.0106, 0.0399, 0.9877],
        ['sample5', 0.7242, 0.0970, 0.3199, 0.5504]]

We can make use of string methods like ljust , rjust , or center . Right here, I just show you the use of ljust that takes the length as the first argument. The length will be the total width for left justification.

One could also use f-string to do padding in the format of f'{var:^10.4f}' . The meaning of each component is:

• ^ represents centering (can be changed to < for left justification or > for right justification)
• 10 is the padding length
• .4 is the number of decimal places
• f means float

So, here is the final script.

padding1 = 12
padding2 = 10

print('samples'.ljust(padding1 + 1) + 'property  ' + 'feature1  ' + 'feature2  ' + 'feature3')
for line in lines:
    text = line[0].ljust(padding1)
    for i in range(1, len(line)):
        text += f'{line[i]:^{padding2}.4f}'
    print(text)