从包含 substring 的句子中提取单词

Question

I want to extract full phrase (one or multiple words) that contain the specific substring. Substring can have one multiple words, and words from substring can 'break'/'split' words in the test_string , but desired output is full phrase/word from test_string , for example

test_string = 'this is an example of the text that I have, and I want to by amplifier and lamp'
substring1 = 'he text th'
substring2 = 'amp'

if substring1 in test_string:
    print("substring1 found")
    
if substring2 in test_string:
    print("substring2 found")

My desired output is:

[the text that]
[example, amplifier, lamp]

FYI

Substring can be at the beginning of the word, middle or end...it does not matter.

Answer 1

this is a job for regex, as you could do:

import re
substring2 = 'amp'
test_string = 'this is an example of the text that I have'

print("matches for substring 1:",re.findall(r"(\w+he text th\w+)", test_string))
print("matches for substring 2:",re.findall(r"(\w+amp\w+)",test_string))

Output:

matches for substring 1:['the text that']
matches for substring 2:['example']

Answer 2

If you want something robust I would do something like that:

re.findall(r"((?:\w+)?" + re.escape(substring2) + r"(?:\w+)?)", test_string)

This way you can have whatever you want in substring.

Explanation of the regex:

'(?:\w+)'   Non capturing group
'?'         zero or one

I have done this at the begining and at the end of your substring as it can be the start or the end of the missing part

Answer 3

import re

test_string = 'this is an example of the text that I have, and I want to by amplifier and lamp'
substrings = ['he text th', 'amp']

for substring in substrings:
    print(re.findall(rf'\s(\w*{substring}\w*)\s', test_string))

OUTPUT:

['the text that']
['example', 'amplifier']