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Hibernate 启动时插入数据库异常

[英]Hibernate exception inserting into database at startup

 原文  2022-01-18 21:05:05  9   2    java/ sql/ spring

问题描述

I am currently learning Spring from the book "Spring in Action".我目前正在从“Spring in Action”一书中学习 Spring。 I want to insert data into my H2 database when starting the server.我想在启动服务器时将数据插入到我的 H2 数据库中。 Since it doesn't work like in the book, I follow this guide.由于它不像书中那样工作，因此我遵循 本指南。 The tables are created, but no data in it.表已创建，但其中没有数据。

This is the error I receive:这是我收到的错误：

2022-01-18 21:52:01.361  WARN 44885 --- [  restartedMain] o.h.t.s.i.ExceptionHandlerLoggedImpl     : GenerationTarget encountered exception accepting command : Error executing DDL "insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ("FLTO", "Flour Tortilla", "WRAP")" via JDBC Statement

org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.CommandAcceptanceException: Error executing DDL "insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ("FLTO", "Flour Tortilla", "WRAP")" via JDBC Statement
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.GenerationTargetToDatabase.accept(GenerationTargetToDatabase.java:67) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.applySqlString(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:458) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.applyImportSources(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:514) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.performCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:183) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.doCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:138) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.doCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:124) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.performDatabaseAction(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:164) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.process(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:81) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:335) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:471) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1498) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:58) ~[spring-orm-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:365) ~[spring-orm-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:409) ~[spring-orm-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:396) ~[spring-orm-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:341) ~[spring-orm-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1863) ~[spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1800) ~[spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:620) ~[spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) ~[spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) ~[spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) ~[spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1154) ~[spring-context-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:908) ~[spring-context-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583) ~[spring-context-5.3.14.jar:5.3.14]
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:145) ~[spring-boot-2.6.2.jar:2.6.2]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:730) ~[spring-boot-2.6.2.jar:2.6.2]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:412) ~[spring-boot-2.6.2.jar:2.6.2]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:302) ~[spring-boot-2.6.2.jar:2.6.2]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1301) ~[spring-boot-2.6.2.jar:2.6.2]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1290) ~[spring-boot-2.6.2.jar:2.6.2]
        at com.example.tacocloud.TacoCloudApplication.main(TacoCloudApplication.java:10) ~[classes/:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.6.2.jar:2.6.2]
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Column "FLTO" not found; SQL statement:
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ("FLTO", "Flour Tortilla", "WRAP") [42122-200]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:453) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:429) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:205) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:181) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.expression.ExpressionColumn.getColumnException(ExpressionColumn.java:163) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.expression.ExpressionColumn.optimize(ExpressionColumn.java:145) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.command.dml.Insert.prepare(Insert.java:327) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.prepareCommand(Parser.java:744) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.engine.Session.prepareLocal(Session.java:657) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.engine.Session.prepareCommand(Session.java:595) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareCommand(JdbcConnection.java:1235) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.executeInternal(JdbcStatement.java:212) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.execute(JdbcStatement.java:201) ~[h2-1.4.200.jar:1.4.200]
        at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyStatement.execute(ProxyStatement.java:94) ~[HikariCP-4.0.3.jar:na]
        at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyStatement.execute(HikariProxyStatement.java) ~[HikariCP-4.0.3.jar:na]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.GenerationTargetToDatabase.accept(GenerationTargetToDatabase.java:54) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.3.Final.jar:5.6.3.Final]
        ... 38 common frames omitted

My import.sql looks like the following:我的 import.sql 如下所示：

delete from Taco_Order_Tacos;
delete from Taco_Ingredients;
delete from Taco;
delete from Taco_Order;

delete from Ingredient;
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('FLTO', 'Flour Tortilla', 'WRAP');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('COTO', 'Corn Tortilla', 'WRAP');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('GRBF', 'Ground Beef', 'PROTEIN');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('CARN', 'Carnitas', 'PROTEIN');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('TMTO', 'Diced Tomatoes', 'VEGGIES');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('LETC', 'Lettuce', 'VEGGIES');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('CHED', 'Cheddar', 'CHEESE');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('JACK', 'Monterrey Jack', 'CHEESE');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('SLSA', 'Salsa', 'SAUCE');
insert into Ingredient (id, name, type) values ('SRCR', 'Sour Cream', 'SAUCE');

The Ingredient class has:成分 class 具有：

private final String id;
private final String name;
private final Type type; // an enum: WRAP, SAUCE, ...

Thank you for your help!谢谢您的帮助！

2 个解决方案

解决方案1
 1  2022-01-19 06:10:45

Add the below code to your application.properties file and check because hibernate may not be detecting your queries as MySQL queries(native queries).将以下代码添加到您的 application.properties 文件并检查，因为 hibernate 可能未将您的查询检测为 MySQL 查询（本机查询）。

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

Also, if you see values in the query in the first line of your error stack trace, they are inside double-quotes.此外，如果您在错误堆栈跟踪的第一行中看到查询中的值，则它们位于双引号内。 Do something so that values come in single quotes because using double quotes for values is a bad practice.做一些事情以使值出现在单引号中，因为使用双引号作为值是一种不好的做法。 Backticks are only used for table and column names so use backticks around table and column names and use double quotes for surrounding queries.反引号仅用于表名和列名，因此请在表名和列名周围使用反引号，并对周围的查询使用双引号。

解决方案2
 0  2022-01-19 01:19:27

H2 db uses the same syntax as Mysql under the covers. H2 db 在幕后使用与 Mysql 相同的语法。 As already said, H2/Mysql does not accept double quotes.如前所述，H2/Mysql 不接受双引号。 Looking at your import.sql file it seems to be all right.查看您的 import.sql 文件似乎没问题。 However, your console shows double quotes for the column values.但是，您的控制台会为列值显示双引号。

Try to check if your script.sql is not running before hibernate creates the tables.尝试在 hibernate 创建表之前检查您的 script.sql 是否未运行。 This would cause an error.这会导致错误。

You can try putting this in your configuration class:您可以尝试将其放入您的配置 class 中：

spring.jpa.defer-datasource-initialization=true

This will make Hibernate create the tables before your script values are entered.这将使 Hibernate 在输入脚本值之前创建表。

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