[英]Generics functions in TypeScript
I was reading this article about how to use Axios with TypeScript and I had a question about the methods declaration, for example:我正在阅读这篇关于如何使用 Axios 和 TypeScript 的文章,我对方法声明有疑问,例如:
get<T = any, R = AxiosResponse<T>>(url: string, config?: AxiosRequestConfig): Promise<R> {
return this.http.get<T, R>(url, config);
}
delete<T = any, R = AxiosResponse<T>>(url: string, config?: AxiosRequestConfig): Promise<R> {
return this.http.delete<T, R>(url, config);
}
Now, what I miss to understand is the this syntax:现在,我想了解的是这种语法:
<T = any, R = AxiosResponse<T>>
Why is the T
equal to any
, isn't it the concept of Generics that T
can be anything?为什么
T
等于any
,难道不是 Generics 的概念T
可以是任何东西吗? Why do I need to specify it?为什么我需要指定它? Is it for readability?
是为了可读性吗? Also why is
R
equals AxiosResponse<T>
?另外为什么
R
等于AxiosResponse<T>
? Couldn't I just say that the return type of the function is Promise<AxiosResponse<T>>
, is it also the sake of writing less code in the return type?不能说 function 的返回类型是
Promise<AxiosResponse<T>>
,是不是也是为了少写返回类型的代码?
Those are defaults that are used when the type isn't specified and can't be inferred.这些是未指定类型且无法推断时使用的默认值。
...isn't it the concept of Generics that
T
can be anything?...难道不是 Generics 的概念
T
可以是任何东西吗?
Not necessarily, generic type parameters can be constrained , but yes in this case.不一定,泛型类型参数可以被约束,但在这种情况下是可以的。
Why do I need to specify it?
为什么我需要指定它?
You don't need to (but you can), there's a default if you don't and it can't be inferred from the call site.您不需要(但您可以),如果您不需要,则有一个默认值,并且无法从呼叫站点推断出来。
Also why is
R
equalsAxiosResponse<T>
?另外为什么
R
等于AxiosResponse<T>
? Couldn't I just say that the return type of the function isPromise<AxiosResponse<T>>
...我不能说 function 的返回类型是
Promise<AxiosResponse<T>>
...
It's simpler (and probably better for inference) to use if you specify the type of what you're expecting in the response, without the Promise
wrapper on it.如果您在响应中指定您期望的类型,则使用它会更简单(并且可能更适合推理),而不需要
Promise
包装器。
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