Google 表格中的模糊匹配

Question

Trying to compare two columns in GoogleSheets with this formula in Column C:

=if(A1=B1,"","Mismatch")

Works fine, but I'm getting a lot of false positives:

A.	B	C
MARY JO	Mary Jo
JAY, TIM	TIM JAY	Mismatch
Sam Ron	Sam Ron	Mismatch
Jack *Ma	Jack MA	Mismatch

Any ideas how to work this?

Answer 1

Implementing fuzzy matching via Google Sheets formula would be difficult. I would recommend using a custom formula for this one or a full blown script (both via Google Apps Script) if you want to populate all rows at once.

Custom Formula:

function fuzzyMatch(string1, string2) {
  string1 = string1.toLowerCase()
  string2 = string2.toLowerCase();
  var n = -1;

  for(i = 0; char = string2[i]; i++)
    if (!~(n = string1.indexOf(char, n + 1))) 
      return 'Mismatch';
};

What this does is compare if the 2nd string's characters order is found in the same order as the first string. See sample data below for the case where it will return mismatch.

Output:

Note:

• Last row is a mismatch as 2nd string have r in it that isn't found at the first string thus correct order is not met.
• If this didn't meet your test cases, add a more definitive list that will show the expected output of the formula/function so this can be adjusted, or see player0's answer which solely uses Google Sheets formula and is less stricter with the conditions.

Reference:

• https://stackoverflow.com/a/15252131/17842569

Answer 2

try:

=ARRAYFORMULA(IFERROR(IF(LEN(
 REGEXREPLACE(REGEXREPLACE(LOWER(A1:A), "[^a-z ]", ), 
 LOWER("["&B1:B&"]"), ))>0, "mismatch", )))

Answer 3

This uses a score based approach to determine a match. You can determine what is/isn't a match based on that score:

Score Formula = getMatchScore(A1,B1)
Match Formula = if(C1<0.7,"mismatch",)

function getMatchScore(strA, strB, ignoreCase=true) {
  const toLowerCase = ignoreCase ? str => new String(str).toLowerCase() : str => str;
  const splitWords = str => str.split(/\b/);
  let [maxLenStr, minLenStr] = strA.length > strB.length ? [strA, strB] : [strB, strA]; 
  
  maxLenStr = toLowerCase(maxLenStr);
  minLenStr = toLowerCase(minLenStr);

  const maxLength = maxLenStr.length;
  const minLength = minLenStr.length;
  const lenScore = minLength / maxLength;

  const orderScore = Array.from(maxLenStr).reduce(
    (oldItem, nItem, index) => nItem === minLenStr[index] ? oldItem + 1 : oldItem, 0
  ) / maxLength;

  const maxKeyWords = splitWords(maxLenStr);
  const minKeyWords = splitWords(minLenStr);

  const keywordScore = minKeyWords.reduce(({ score, searchWord }, nItem) => {
    const newSearchWord = searchWord?.replace(new RegExp(nItem, ignoreCase ? 'i' : ''), '');
    score += searchWord.length != newSearchWord.length ? 1: 0;

    return { score, searchWord: newSearchWord };
  }, { score: 0, searchWord: maxLenStr }).score / minKeyWords.length;

  const sortedMaxLenStr = Array.from(maxKeyWords.sort().join(''));
  const sortedMinLenStr = Array.from(minKeyWords.sort().join(''));

  const charScore = sortedMaxLenStr.reduce((oldItem, nItem, index) => { 
    const surroundingChars = [sortedMinLenStr[index-1], sortedMinLenStr[index], sortedMinLenStr[index+1]]
    .filter(char => char != undefined);
    
    return surroundingChars.includes(nItem)? oldItem + 1 : oldItem
  }, 0) / maxLength;

  const score = (lenScore * .15) + (orderScore * .25) + (charScore * .25) + (keywordScore * .35);

  return score;
}