有谁知道我如何读取 PHP 中的电子邮件，然后将它们写入数据库？

Question

I'm doing an internship right now and I'm supposed to implement the question from above. On google I find nothing that fits. I need help that emails are read (with the help of Imap), then written into a database (mysql). Unfortunately I have no idea how to do this, so I turn to you. Thanks in advance.

I don't know how this works, I have no idea where to start. I am glad about help!

This was an Attempt:

<?php 

// POP3-Server 
$host="xxx"; 
$port=" 993"; 
// User-Daten 
$user="xxx"; 
$passwort="xxx"; 

// Verbinden zur Mailbox 
$mailbox=imap_open("{".$host."/imap:    993}INBOX",$user,$passwort); 

// Überprüfen ob Verbindung erfolgreich
if ($mailbox) 
{ 
// Posteingang überprüfen 
$check=imap_check($mailbox); 
// Anzahl vorhandener Emails im Postfach 
$count_msg=$check->Nmsgs; 
// Anzahl neuer Emails im Postfach 
$count_new_msg=$check->Recent; 
// Emails auslesen 
for ($i=1; $i<=imap_num_msg($mailbox); 
$i++) 

{ 



// Header erfassen 
$mail_header=imap_header($mailbox, $i); 

// Datum erfassen 
$mail_date=$mail_header->Date; 

// Mail-ID erfassen 
$mail_id=$mail_header->message_id; 

// Empfänger erfassen 
$mail_to=$mail_header->toaddress; 

// Absendername erfassen 
$mail_from_name=$mail_header->from [0]->personal; 

// Absender-eMail-Adresse erfassen 
$mail_from_address=$mail_header->from [0]->mailbox."@".$mail_header->from [0]->host; 

// Kopieempfänger erfassen 
$mail_copy_to=$mail_header->cc[0] ->mailbox."@".$mail_header->cc[0] ->host; 

// Antwortempfänger erfassen 
$mail_answer_to=$mail_header->reply_to; 

// Betreff erfassen 
$mail_subject=$mail_header->subject; 

// Nachricht erfassen
$mail_body = imap_body($mailbox,$i); 


// Daten in db speichern
include ("config.inc.php");

  $eintrag = "INSERT INTO bsi_statistik (komponente, anzahlmeldungen, datumletztemeldung, mailsin30tagen) VALUES ('$komponente', '$mail_from_address', '$mail_subject', '$mail_date', '$mail_body')";
  $eintragen = mysql_query($eintrag);

echo "e-Mail Nr.".$i."<br>"; 
// Ausgabe in HTML 
echo '<b>Versendet am:</b> '; 
echo $mail_date."<br>"; 

echo '<b>Eindeutige eMail-ID: </b>'; 
echo $mail_id."<br>"; 

echo '<b>Empfänger: </b>'; 
echo $mail_to."<br>"; 

echo '<b>"Name des Absenders: </b>'; 
echo $komponente."<br>"; 

echo '<b>"eMail des Absenders: </b>'; 
echo $mail_from_address."<br>"; 
// echo $mail_from_address."<br>"; 

echo '<b>Betreff: </b>'; 
echo $mail_subject."<br><br>"; 

echo '<b>Nachricht: </b>'; 
echo $mail_body."<br><br>"; 


// E-Mail löschen löschen
 imap_delete($mailbox, $i); 


} 
imap_expunge($mailbox);
imap_close($mailbox); 
} 
?>

Answer 1

Updated with example from additional information provided by OP

The easiest way to achieve this would be to do the following. This example uses the following database schema:

create table incoming_emails
(
    id int auto_increment,
    date_sent datetime null,
    headers json null,
    `from` varchar(191) null,
    subject text null,
    content longtext null,
    constraint incoming_emails_pk
        primary key (id)
);

Use Composer to import a new library, laminas/mail :

composer install laminas/mail

After doing so, mail can be retrieved and iterated over like so:

<?php

use Laminas\Mail\Storage\Imap;

require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';

// Connecting with Imap:
$mail = new Imap([
    'host'     => 'example.com',
    'user'     => 'test',
    'password' => 'test',
]);

echo $mail->countMessages() . " messages found\n";
foreach ($mail as $message) {
    printf("Mail from '%s': %s\n", $message->from, $message->subject);
}

You can then persist to a database using the MySQLi class:

<?php

use Laminas\Mail\Storage\Imap;

require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';

// Do all configuration here.
// Database:
$dbHost = 'localhost';
$dbUsername = 'root';
$dbPassword = 'RANDOM_PASSWORD';
$dbName = 'my_database';

// Email inbox to query:
$emailHost = 'localhost';
$emailPort = 995;
$emailUsername = 'email@example.com';
$emailPassword = 'SECRET_STRING_HERE';

// Do not edit below this line.

$mysqli = new MySQLi($dbHost, $dbUsername, $dbPassword, $dbName);

// If cannot connect to MySQL database, throw an error.
if ($mysqli->connect_error) {
    throw new \Exception('Could not connect to database!');
}

// Connecting with Imap:
$mail = new Imap([
    'host'     => $emailHost,
    'user'     => $emailUsername,
    'password' => $emailPassword,
    'port' => $emailPort,
]);

echo $mail->countMessages() . " messages found\n";

// Prepare a query.
$query = 'INSERT INTO `incoming_emails` (`date_sent`, `headers`, `from`, `subject`, `content`)';

// Prepare all emails for input to SQL database.
$mailParser = new MailMimeParser();

foreach ($mail as $message) {
    $queryData[] = [
        'from' => $mysqli->real_escape_string($message->getHeader('reply-to') ?? $message->getHeader('from')),
        'headers' => $mysqli->real_escape_string(json_encode($message->getHeaders())),
        'subject' => $mysqli->real_escape_string($message->getSubject()),
        'content' => $mysqli->real_escape_string($message->getContent()),
    ];
    
    // Left in for debug:
    printf("Mail from '%s': %s\n", $message->from, $message->subject);
}

$query .= 'VALUES (' . implode('), (', $queryData) . ')';

$mysqli->query($query);

echo 'Done';

Please ensure you also include good database input sanitisation.

This is provided as-is, with no testing done so its not confirmed to work exactly. You likely will need to update this for your own needs and is provided as an educational example only.

Docs:

1. https://www.php.net/manual/en/mysqli.query.php
2. https://docs.laminas.dev/laminas-mail/read/