[英]How to adjust the the y axis like this in ggplot2?
Here is the codes and the present outplot这是代码和当前的情节
df <- data.frame(state = c('0','1'),
male = c(26287942,9134784),
female = c(16234000,4406645))
#output
> df
state male female
1 0 26287942 16234000
2 1 9134784 4406645
library(ggplot2)
library(tidyr)
df_long <- pivot_longer(df, cols = c("female","male"))
names(df_long) <- c('state','sex','observations')
ggplot(data = df_long) +
geom_col(aes(x = sex, y =observations, fill = state)) +
theme(legend.position = c(0.1,0.9),
legend.background = element_rect(fill='lightgrey') )
I want to adjust the plots like this.我想调整这样的情节。 (I marked what I want to change.)
(我标记了我想要更改的内容。)
It may be a little complicated, and I don't know which functions to use.可能有点复杂,不知道用什么函数。 If possible, can anyone tell me some related functions or examples?
如果可能的话,谁能告诉我一些相关的功能或例子?
You can set options(scipen = 99)
to disable scientific notation on y-axis.您可以设置
options(scipen = 99)
以禁用 y 轴上的科学记数法。 We can create a separate dataset for label data.我们可以为标签数据创建一个单独的数据集。
library(tidyverse)
options(scipen = 99)
long_data <- df %>%
pivot_longer(cols = c(male, female),
names_to = "sex",
values_to = "observations")
label_data <- long_data %>%
group_by(sex) %>%
summarise(perc = observations[match(1, state)]/sum(observations),
total = sum(observations), .groups = "drop")
ggplot(long_data) +
geom_col(aes(x = sex, y = observations, fill = state)) +
geom_text(data = label_data,
aes(label = round(perc, 2), x = sex, y = total),
vjust = -0.5) +
theme(legend.position = c(0.1,0.9),
legend.background = element_rect(fill='lightgrey'))
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sex <- c('M','F')
y0 <- c(26287942,16234000)
y1 <- c(9134784, 4406645)
y0 <- y0*10^{-7}
y1 <- y1*10^{-7}
ratio <- y1/(y0+y1)
ratio <- round(ratio,2)
m <- t(matrix(c(y0,y1),ncol=2))
colnames(m) <- c(as.character(sex))
df <- as.data.frame(m)
df <- cbind(c('0','1'),df)
colnames(df)[1] <- 'observations'
df
df_long <- pivot_longer(df, cols = as.character(sex))
names(df_long) <- c('state','sex','observations')
df_r <- as.data.frame(df_long)
df_r <- data.frame(df_r,ratio=rep(ratio,2))
ggplot(data = df_r) +
geom_col(aes(x =sex, y = observations, fill = state))+
theme(legend.position = c(0.1,0.9),
legend.background = element_rect(fill=NULL) )+
geom_line(aes(x=sex,y=ratio*10),group=1)+
geom_point(aes(x=sex,y=ratio*10))+
geom_text(aes(x=sex,y=ratio*10+0.35),label=rep(ratio,2))+
scale_y_continuous(name =expression(paste('observations(','\u00D7', 10^7,')')),
sec.axis = sec_axis(~./10,name='ratio'))
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