c# - 如何在不调用它的情况下将 function 作为参数（以参数作为值）传递

Question

I want to pass a function as a parameter to another function (with actual values) and later execute it. Here is JavaScript code:

function functionToPass1 (x,y) {
    console.log(x, y);
}

function functionToPass2 (x,y,z) {
    console.log(x, y, z);
}

function mainFunction(param1, param2, functionToPass){
  console.log(param1, param2);
  functionToPass();

}

mainFunction("a", "b", function(){
    functionToPass2(1, 2, 3) ;
});

How to write this in C# (or VB.Net)?

Answer 1

Func<> Delegates are what you are looking for to pass methods in another method. I wrote a small example below, you can apply it according to your needs. Func<> is a generic delegate. It can be Func<int,string> Func<int,int,bool> and so on. The last one represents the return type and the others represent the input parameter types of method.

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MethodB(MethodA);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        static string MethodA(string message) //Func<string,string>
        {
            return message;
        }

        static void MethodB(Func<string, string> method)
        {  
            Console.WriteLine(method("I am MethodA"));
        }

For more detailed information, you can check this link => https://www.tutorialsteacher.com/csharp/csharp-func-delegate

Answer 2

Thank you all for contributing, your help meant all to me. The only thing I needed to figure out that is an anonymous function to be passed. C# equivalent is like this:

string functionToPass1(int i, string x, string y)
{
  return string.Join(',', new[] { i.ToString(), x, y });
}

string functionToPass2(int i, string x, string y, string z)
{
  return string.Join(',', new[] { i.ToString(), x, y, z });
}

string mainFunction(string param1, string param2, Func<int,string>? functionToPass)
{
  Console.WriteLine(param1);
  Console.WriteLine(param2);
  var res = "";
  int i = 5;
  if (functionToPass != null)
    res = functionToPass(i);
  return res;
}

var res = "";

res = mainFunction("a", "b", (x) =>
{
  return functionToPass2(x, "1", "2", "3");
});

Console.WriteLine(res);
Console.WriteLine("---------------");

res = mainFunction("a", "b", (x) =>
{
  return functionToPass1(x, "1", "2");
});

Console.WriteLine(res);
Console.WriteLine("---------------");

res = mainFunction("a", "b", null);

Console.WriteLine(res);
Console.WriteLine("---------------");
Console.ReadLine();

Answer 3

I didn't delete the first comment in case it might be useful to other people in the future. I made some changes for the code you refreshed. I tried to create a generic structure as much as possible. However, Javascript is much more flexible than C#. In other words, even if the structure is generic, at some points we have to break this genericity.

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MainFunction<string, string, int>("a", "b", FunctionToPass2<int, int, int>);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        static void FunctionToPass1<T1, T2>(T1 x, T2 y) 
        {
            Console.WriteLine(x + " " + y);
        }

        static void FunctionToPass2<T1, T2, T3>(T1 x, T2 y, T3 z)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(x + " " + y + " " + z);
        }

        static void MainFunction<T1, T2, T3>(T1 param1, T2 param2, Action<T3, T3, T3> functionToPass)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(param1 + " " + param2 + "\n");
            FunctionToPass2(1, 2, 3);
        }

If our parameter types are certain, I believe we will come up with a much simpler solution by not writing it generic. For example, I assume that T3 for Action<T3, T3, T3> delegate is int for this solution because your arguments are integer. Here we have to break the 'generic' structure a bit.