如何命名匿名 function 或 JavaScript 中的快速中间件？

Question

Here's the middleware that I use in express:

    const app = express();
    const port = 8000;
    const f = () => {
        return async (req, res, next) => {
            await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 3000));
            return next();
        }
    }
    const namedFunction = f();
    app.use(namedFunction); // earlier I was using `app.use(f());` 

But my function still appear as anonymous function in profiler: Something like this:

A bit of background: We want to see which middleware is causing the high latency, but because the middlewares are anonymous, we can't narrow down the cause in our APM + JS profiler. The preceding is just one example; we use approximately 40 middleware packages over which we have no control.

That's why I thought passing f() to namedFunction should fix the issue but it wasn't so looking for help on this.

Other tries till now : As per Jonsharpe's comment I tried:

app.use(function namedFunction() { f()(...arguments) });

But in profiler it still appear as an anonymous function

Answer 1

While I do not know much about express , I can at least clear up a misconception you have about anonymous functions.

When you create a function and immediately store it in a variable, the interpreter can implicitly use the name of the variable as the name of the function. That is true of both functions created with the function expression or with the arrow notation.

const foo = () => {};
foo.name; // "foo";

const bar = function () {};
bar.name; // "bar";

But if you create a function and then immediately pass it as an argument or return it, the interpreter cannot give it a name at creation, so it becomes anonymous.

So when you did this:

const namedFunction = f();

All you did was store the already-created anonymous function returned by f() inside the variable namedFunction . You did not actually give it a name. To do that, you would need to do something like so:

const unnamedFunction = f();
const namedFunction = (...args) => unnamedFunction(...args);

Which simply wraps the unnamed function into a named one.

You could also create a variable to store an arrow function before returning it or passing it as a callback.

const meaningfulName = () => { ... };
return meaningfulName;

But unless you actually rely on the behavior of arrow functions, I would just use a named function expression in those cases:

return function meaningfulName () { ... };

Answer 2

You can assign a function a variable like this:

const doSomething = function doSomething() {}

If you decide to use the shorthand function, it means you don't need a function name fo rit.

Answer 3

In this answer , an example is shown that redefines the name property of a function which is normally read-only. This seems to work just fine in v8.

// Apart from the added error so we can log a stack trace,
// this is unchanged from your example:
    const f = () => {
        return async (req, res, next) => {
            throw new Error("Intentionally cause an error to log the function's name.");
            await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 3000));
            return next();
        }
    }
    const namedFunction = f();

When the function is called and its error is logged, you'd get a stack trace like this, as you saw in your profiler, the function has no name:

namedFunction().catch(console.log);

// Error: Intentionally cause an error to log the function's name.
//     at /tmp/namedfn.js:3:19
//     at Object.<anonymous> (/tmp/namedfn.js:9:5)

Rename as per the linked answer:

Object.defineProperty(namedFunction, 'name', {value: 'someFn'});
namedFunction().catch(console.log);

// Error: Intentionally cause an error to log the function's name.
//     at someFn (/tmp/namedfn.js:3:19)
//     at /tmp/namedfn.js:14:9

It is now named 'someFn' and should show up in your profiler as such.

---

Note that this answer is better / less hacky in cases where the source can be edited (OP doesn't have control over f() 's content according to a comment).