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从也是 substring 的字段中替换 substring

[英]Replace substring from a field which is also a substring

原文 2022-08-05 12:32:37 5 3 linux/ macos

I have this stdout from a command:我从一个命令得到这个标准输出：

2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/12345/locations/europe-west4/workflows/workflow_name/executions/a1f339e1-XXXX

I only want to get the timestamp and the workflow name.我只想获取时间戳和工作流名称。 In other words I want to return this:换句话说，我想返回这个：

2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z workflow_name

but I can't figure out how to do it.但我不知道该怎么做。 I've tried various flavours of cut , but to no avail:我尝试了各种口味的cut ，但无济于事：

➜ echo 2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/12345/locations/europe-west4/workflows/workflow_name/executions/a1f339e1-XXXX | cut -d'/' -f 6
workflow_name

➜ echo 2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/12345/locations/europe-west4/workflows/workflow_name/executions/a1f339e1-XXXX | cut -d'/' -f 1,6
2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/workflow_name

➜ echo 2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/12345/locations/europe-west4/workflows/workflow_name/executions/a1f339e1-XXXX | cut -d'/' -f 0,6
cut: [-cf] list: values may not include zero

OK, as I've been writing this post I've figured out a way to do it using sed好的，当我一直在写这篇文章时，我已经找到了一种使用sed的方法

➜ echo 2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/12345/locations/europe-west4/workflows/workflow_name/executions/a1f339e1-XXXX | cut -d'/' -f 1,6 | sed 's/projects\///g'
2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z workflow_name

But that feels a bit clumsy.但这感觉有点笨拙。 I was hoping there was a better way using cut .我希望有更好的方法使用cut 。 I would also quite like to remove the millisecond precision from the timestamp.我也很想从时间戳中删除毫秒精度。

Open to suggestions as to how this could be improved接受有关如何改进的建议

3 个解决方案

If you can use perl :如果您可以使用perl ：

perl -ne 'print "$1 $2\n" if (m{(.*?)\.\d+Z.*?/workflows/([^/]+)})' <<< "2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/12345/locations/europe-west4/workflows/workflow_name/executions/a1f339e1-XXXX"

perhaps with sed也许与 sed

echo "2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/12345/locations/europe-west4/workflows/workflow_name/executions/a1f339e1-XXXX" | sed -E "s/([0-9T:\.\-]*Z).*workflows\/([a-zA-Z_]*)\/.*/\1 \2/g"

on mac prompt my output在 mac 上提示我的 output

2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z workflow_name

awk is an option awk 是一个选项

$ echo "2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z projects/12345/locations/europe-west4/workflows/workflow_name/executions/a1f339e1-XXXX" | awk -F '( |/)' '{print $1,$7}'
2022-08-05T06:30:00.503053001Z workflow_name

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