如何在 PHP 变量中用空格替换制表符？

Question

$data contains tabs, leading spaces and multiple spaces. I wish to replace all tabs with a space. Multiple spaces with one single space, and remove leading spaces.

In fact somthing that would turn this input data:

[    asdf asdf     asdf           asdf   ] 

Into output data:

[asdf asdf asdf asdf]

How do I do this?

Answer 1

Trim, replace tabs and extra spaces with single spaces:

$data = preg_replace('/[ ]{2,}|[\t]/', ' ', trim($data));

Answer 2

$data = trim(preg_replace('/\s+/g', '', $data));

Answer 3

Assuming the square brackets aren't part of the string and you're just using them for illustrative purposes, then:

$new_string = trim(preg_replace('!\s+!', ' ', $old_string));

You might be able to do that with a single regex but it'll be a fairly complicated regex. The above is much more straightforward.

Note: I'm also assuming you don't want to replace "AB\t\tCD" (\t is a tab) with "AB CD".

Answer 4

$data = trim($data);

That gets rid of your leading (and trailing) spaces.

$pattern = '/\s+/';
$data = preg_replace($pattern, ' ', $data);

That turns any collection of one or more spaces into just one space.

$data = str_replace("\t", " ", $data);

That gets rid of your tabs.

Answer 5

$new_data = preg_replace("/[\t\s]+/", " ", trim($data));

Answer 6

This answer takes the question completely literally: it is only concerned with spaces and tabs. Granted, the OP probably also wants to include other kinds of whitespace in what gets trimmed/compressed, but let's pretend he wants to preserve embedded CR and/or LF .

First, let's set up some constants. This will allow for both ease of understanding and maintainability, should modifications become necessary. I put in some extra spaces so that you can compare the similarities and differences more easily.

define( 'S', '[ \t]+'      ); # Stuff you want to compress; in this case ONLY spaces/tabs
define( 'L', '/\A'.S.'/'   ); # stuff on the Left edge will be trimmed
define( 'M',   '/'.S.'/'   ); # stuff in the Middle will be compressed
define( 'R',   '/'.S.'\Z/' ); # stuff on the Right edge will be trimmed
define( 'T', ' '           ); # what we want the stuff compressed To

We are using \A and \Z escape characters to specify the beginning and end of the subject, instead of the typical ^ and $ which are line-oriented meta-characters . This is not so much because they are needed in this instance as much as "defensive" programming, should the value of S change to make them needed in the future.

Now for the secret sauce: we are going to take advantage of some special semantics of preg_replace , namely (emphasis added)

If there are fewer elements in the replacement array than in the pattern array, any extra patterns will be replaced by an empty string.

function trim_press( $data ){
    return preg_replace( [ M, L, R ], [ T ], $data );
}

So instead of a pattern string and replacement string, we are using a pattern array and replacement array, which results in the extra patterns L and R being trimmed.

Answer 7

In case you need to remove   too.

$data = trim(preg_replace('/\s+|nbsp;/g', '', $data));

Answer 8

After much frustration I found this to be the best solution, as it also removes non breaking spaces which can be two characters long:

$data = html_entity_decode(str_replace(' ',' ',htmlentities($data))); $data = trim(preg_replace('/\h/', ' ', $data)); // replaces more space character types than \s

See billynoah

Answer 9

Just use this regex

$str = trim(preg_replace('/\s\s+/', ' ', $str));

it will replace all tabs and spaces by one space,

here sign + in regex means one or more times, pattern means, that wherever there are two or more spaces, replace it by one space