在 Python 中创建一个表示变量如何沿 x 方向变化的颜色编码图形。 （类似于彩色地图）

Question

I have to create a colour coded figure of how the thickness of a beam varies along the beam. For example a figure like this:

[Beam schematic with coloured blocks representing the different sections of the beam][1] [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/3GZCp.png The coloured blocks in the figure have to be colour coded like in a contour plot; so for example, a darker shade would indicate a thicker part of a beam and vice versa. The key to the colour code should also be provided with the resulting figure. The 'colour blocks' essentially represent sections of the beam, which is stored in an array. The corresponding thicknesses of the sections are also stored in an array.

import numpy as np

beamsectionsx = np.array([ 0.   ,  2.65 ,  6.25 , 10.45 , 14.05 , 17.25 , 20.05 , 23.05 ,
       26.05 , 29.05 , 32.12 , 34.72 , 37.32 , 40.92 , 44.72 , 48.52 ,
       52.32 , 55.42 , 58.512, 61.612, 63.702, 63.825, 64.02, 66.62 ]) # points of the sections along the x-axis

thicknessy = np.array([0.4, 0.099, 0.099,0.099,0.1,0.099, 0.079,0.079, 0.079, 0.081, 0.084, 0.088, 0.091, 0.092, 0.095, 0.094, 0.093, 0.09, 0.082, 0.068, 0.068, 0.075, 0.095]) 
# thicknesses of the respective sections. For eg: thickness between 0m and 2.65m (from beamsectionsx), would correspond to 0.4 and so on. 

I tried creating colourbars to represent this, but instead of representing the span of the beam in the x-direction (0-66.62m), the colourmap represents 0-24 instead - this corresponds to the length of the array respectively.

Any input on creating the figure in a similar manner to the example figure shown above would be helpful.

Thank you.

Answer 1

I was able to create the plot with a colorbar as follows: https://i.stack.imgur.com/DxtVr.png

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.colors import Normalize

beamsectionsx = np.array([ 0.   ,  2.65 ,  6.25 , 10.45 , 14.05 , 17.25 , 20.05 , 23.05 ,
       26.05 , 29.05 , 32.12 , 34.72 , 37.32 , 40.92 , 44.72 , 48.52 ,
       52.32 , 55.42 , 58.512, 61.612, 63.702, 63.825, 64.02, 66.62 ]) # points of the sections along the x-axis

thicknessy = np.array([0.4, 0.099, 0.099,0.099,0.1,0.099, 0.079,0.079, 0.079, 0.081, 0.084, 0.088, 0.091, 0.092, 0.095, 0.094, 0.093, 0.09, 0.082, 0.068, 0.068, 0.075, 0.095])
# thicknesses of the respective sections. For eg: thickness between 0m and 2.65m (from beamsectionsx), would correspond to 0.4 and so on.

# Colormap of choice
cmap = plt.cm.plasma

# Plot bars
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1)
for x0, x1, y in zip(beamsectionsx[:-1], beamsectionsx[1:], thicknessy):
    ax.fill_between([x0, x1], [y, y], color=cmap(y / max(thicknessy)))

# Set colorbar with label
cbar = plt.colorbar(mappable=plt.cm.ScalarMappable(norm=Normalize(0, max(thicknessy)), cmap=cmap))
cbar.set_label('Beam thickness')

fig.savefig('result.png')