lxml 查找两个标签之间的所有元素

Question

extracted a word document and search in this all bookmarks. But the bookmark tag have no end tag, so lxml find only the bookmarkStart but not the elements between bookmarkStart and bookmarkEnd. How can i get all Elements within bookmarkStart and bookmarkEnd? Thanks!

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<w:document xmlns:wpc="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingCanvas" xmlns:cx="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2014/chartex" xmlns:cx1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2015/9/8/chartex" xmlns:cx2="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2015/10/21/chartex" xmlns:cx3="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2016/5/9/chartex" xmlns:cx4="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2016/5/10/chartex" xmlns:cx5="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2016/5/11/chartex" xmlns:cx6="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2016/5/12/chartex" xmlns:cx7="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2016/5/13/chartex" xmlns:cx8="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2016/5/14/chartex" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:aink="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2016/ink" xmlns:am3d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/drawing/2017/model3d" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:oel="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2019/extlst" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships" xmlns:m="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/math" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wp14="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:w14="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordml" xmlns:w15="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2012/wordml" xmlns:w16cex="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2018/wordml/cex" xmlns:w16cid="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2016/wordml/cid" xmlns:w16="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2018/wordml" xmlns:w16sdtdh="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2020/wordml/sdtdatahash" xmlns:w16se="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2015/wordml/symex" xmlns:wpg="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingGroup" xmlns:wpi="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingInk" xmlns:wne="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2006/wordml" xmlns:wps="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordprocessingShape" mc:Ignorable="w14 w15 w16se w16cid w16 w16cex w16sdtdh wp14">
    <w:body>
        <w:p w14:paraId="2DDA6990" w14:textId="44789F6F" w:rsidR="0067078D" w:rsidRDefault="003F5B0A">
            <w:bookmarkStart w:id="0" w:name="testmark"/>
            <w:proofErr w:type="spellStart"/>
            <w:r>
                <w:t>sometext</w:t>
            </w:r>
            <w:bookmarkEnd w:id="0"/>
            <w:proofErr w:type="spellEnd"/>
        </w:p>
        <w:sectPr w:rsidR="0067078D">
            <w:pgSz w:w="11906" w:h="16838"/>
            <w:pgMar w:top="1417" w:right="1417" w:bottom="1134" w:left="1417" w:header="708" w:footer="708" w:gutter="0"/>
            <w:cols w:space="708"/>
            <w:docGrid w:linePitch="360"/>
        </w:sectPr>
    </w:body>
</w:document>

from lxml import etree as ET

ns = {'w': 'http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main'}
ns2 = '{http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main}'

with open('document.xml', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as xml_file:
    tree_word = ET.parse(xml_file)

findall_param = 'w:bookmarkStart'
find_param = 'w:t'

root_word = tree_word.getroot()
field_content = tree_word.findall('.//'+findall_param, ns)

for bookmark in field_content:
    textmarker = bookmark.attrib[f"{ns2}name"]
    print(ET.tostring(bookmark))
    t = bookmark.find('.//w:t', ns)

Answer 1

If I understand you correctly, and based on the sample xml in the question, the following should get you at least close to what you are trying to do:

word = """[your sample xml]"""
doc = etree.XML(word.encode())
ns = {'w': 'http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main'}
start_param = 'w:bookmarkStart'
t_param = 'w:t'
end_param = "bookmarkEnd"

doc.xpath(f'/{start_param}',namespaces=ns)
for el in doc.xpath(f'//w:p[.//{book_param}]//{book_param}/following-sibling::*',namespaces=ns): 
    if etree.QName(el).localname==f"{end_param}":
        break
    else:
        if len(el.xpath(f'.//{t_param}',namespaces=ns) )>0:
           el.xpath(f'.//{t_param}',namespaces=ns)[0].text="some new text"
print(etree.tostring(doc).decode())

Try it on your actual document and see if it works.