如何在 tkinter 中显示传感器读数？

Question

I am trying to capture readings from the sensor into tkniter and am stuck on a small problem. To simulate sensor reading I created a small function that increments the number for 1 every second. And in this example, I am trying to present that counter within tkniter label.

Here is the code:

import tkinter
import customtkinter

# Setting up theme of GUI
customtkinter.set_appearance_mode("Dark")  # Modes: "System" (standard), "Dark", "Light"
customtkinter.set_default_color_theme("blue")  # Themes: "blue" (standard), "green", "dark-blue"

class App(customtkinter.CTk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        # configure window
        self.is_on = True
        self.title("Cool Blue")
        self.geometry(f"{220}x{160}")
        self.temperature = tkinter.IntVar()

        # configure grid layout (4x4)
        self.grid_columnconfigure(1, weight=1)

        # create frame for environmental variable
        self.temperature_frame = customtkinter.CTkFrame(self)
        self.temperature_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, rowspan = 1, padx=(5, 5), pady=(10, 10), sticky="n")
        self.temperature_frame.grid_rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
        self.label_temperature = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.temperature_frame, text="Temperature")
        self.label_temperature.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="")
        self.label_temperature_value = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.temperature_frame,
                                                              textvariable=self.temperature,
                                                              font=customtkinter.CTkFont(size=50, weight="bold"))

        self.label_temperature_value.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=1, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="e")
        self.label_temperature_value = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.temperature_frame,
                                                              text = f'\N{DEGREE CELSIUS}',
                                                              font=customtkinter.CTkFont(size=30, weight="bold"))

        self.label_temperature_value.grid(row=1, column=3, columnspan=1, padx=(10, 10), pady=10, sticky="sw")

    def temp(self):
        import time
        i = 0
        while True:
            start = round(time.time(), 0)
            time.sleep(1)
            stop = round(time.time(), 0)
            j = stop - start
            i = i + j
            print(i)
        return i

        self.temperature = temp(self)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = App()
    app.mainloop()

If set my self.temperature.set(5) I see the 5 Celsius displayed within tkineter. However, when I try dynamically feeding this variable using temp() function, I am not getting any numbers.

What I expect is to see 1, then 2, then 3 etc.

What am I doing wrong here?

thank you in advance.

PS. here is the example of my code for reading the data from the sensor:

import time
import board
from busio import I2C
import adafruit_bme680
import datetime
import adafruit_veml7700

i2c = board.I2C()  # uses board.SCL and board.SDA
veml7700 = adafruit_veml7700.VEML7700(i2c)
# Create library object using our Bus I2C port
i2c = I2C(board.SCL, board.SDA)
bme680 = adafruit_bme680.Adafruit_BME680_I2C(i2c, debug=False)

while True:
    TEMPERATURE = round(bme680.temperature, 2)
    time. Sleep(1)

Answer 1

You update the temperature variable by calling temperature.set(...) ,

Then you can use the self.after(...) method to update the variable at intervals of some fixed amount of time by calling the self.temp() function again.

At the bottom I included a dummy class that changes temperature to simulate getting a signal from external source.

Example:

import time
import tkinter
import customtkinter

# Setting up theme of GUI
customtkinter.set_appearance_mode("Dark")  # Modes: "System" (standard), "Dark", "Light"
customtkinter.set_default_color_theme("blue")  # Themes: "blue" (standard), "green", "dark-blue"

class App(customtkinter.CTk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        # configure window
        self.is_on = True
        self.title("Cool Blue")
        self.geometry(f"{220}x{160}")
        self.temperature = tkinter.IntVar()
        # configure grid layout (4x4)
        self.grid_columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
        # create frame for environmental variable
        self.temperature_frame = customtkinter.CTkFrame(self)
        self.temperature_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, rowspan = 1, padx=(5, 5), pady=(10, 10), sticky="n")
        self.temperature_frame.grid_rowconfigure(2, weight=1)

        self.label_temperature = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.temperature_frame, text="Temperature")
        self.label_temperature.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="")

        self.label_temperature_value = customtkinter.CTkLabel(
            master=self.temperature_frame, textvariable=self.temperature,
            font=customtkinter.CTkFont(size=50, weight="bold"))
        self.label_temperature_value.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=1, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="e")

        self.label_temperature_value = customtkinter.CTkLabel(
            master=self.temperature_frame, text = f'\N{DEGREE CELSIUS}',
            font=customtkinter.CTkFont(size=30, weight="bold"))
        self.label_temperature_value.grid(row=1, column=3, columnspan=1, padx=(10, 10), pady=10, sticky="sw")

        self.temp()  # call the temp function just once

    def temp(self):
        self.temperature.set(Temp.current()) 
        self.after(2000, self.temp)  # 2000 milliseconds = 2 seconds

import random
class Temp:
    temp = random.randint(10,35)
    def current():
        diff = random.randint(-3,3)
        return Temp.temp + diff

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = App()
    app.mainloop()

Answer 2

With Alexander's help here, I was able to incorporate readings from BME680 sensor and project them into tknite GUI. Here is the code if anyone encounters the same issue:

import time
import tkinter
import customtkinter

import time
import board
from busio import I2C
import adafruit_bme680

# Create library object using our Bus I2C port
i2c = I2C(board.SCL, board.SDA)
bme680 = adafruit_bme680.Adafruit_BME680_I2C(i2c, debug=False)

# Setting up theme of GUI
customtkinter.set_appearance_mode("Dark")  # Modes: "System" (standard), "Dark", "Light"
customtkinter.set_default_color_theme("blue")  # Themes: "blue" (standard), "green", "dark-blue"

class App(customtkinter.CTk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        # configure window
        self.is_on = True
        self.title("Cool Blue")
        self.geometry(f"{220}x{160}")
        self.temperature = tkinter.IntVar()
        self.pressure = tkinter.IntVar()
        # configure grid layout (4x4)
        self.grid_columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
        # create frame for environmental variable
        self.temperature_frame = customtkinter.CTkFrame(self)
        self.temperature_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, rowspan = 1, padx=(5, 5), pady=(10, 10), sticky="n")
        self.temperature_frame.grid_rowconfigure(2, weight=1)

        self.label_temperature = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.temperature_frame, text="Temperature")
        self.label_temperature.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="")

        self.label_temperature_value = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.temperature_frame, textvariable=self.temperature,font=customtkinter.CTkFont(size=50, weight="bold"))
        self.label_temperature_value.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=1, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="e")

        self.label_temperature_value = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.temperature_frame, text = f'\N{DEGREE CELSIUS}',font=customtkinter.CTkFont(size=30, weight="bold"))
        self.label_temperature_value.grid(row=1, column=3, columnspan=1, padx=(10, 10), pady=10, sticky="sw")


        self.pressure_frame = customtkinter.CTkFrame(self)
        self.pressure_frame.grid(row=0, column=2, rowspan = 1, padx=(5, 5), pady=(10, 10), sticky="n")
        self.pressure_frame.grid_rowconfigure(2, weight=1)

        self.label_pressure = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.pressure_frame, text="Pressure")
        self.label_pressure.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="")

        self.label_pressure_value = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.pressure_frame, textvariable=self.pressure,font=customtkinter.CTkFont(size=50, weight="bold"))
        self.label_pressure_value.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=1, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="e")

        self.label_pressure_value = customtkinter.CTkLabel(master=self.temperature_frame, text = f'\N{DEGREE CELSIUS}',font=customtkinter.CTkFont(size=30, weight="bold"))
        self.label_pressure_value.grid(row=1, column=3, columnspan=1, padx=(10, 10), pady=10, sticky="sw")



        self.temp()  # call the temp function just once

    def temp(self):
        current_temp, current_pres,  = self.current()
        self.temperature.set(current_temp)
        self.pressure.set(current_pres)
        self.after(2000, self.temp)  # 2000 milliseconds = 2 seconds

    def current(self):
            current_temp = round(bme680.temperature, 2)
            current_pres = round(bme680.pressure, 2)
            print(f'{current_temp}')
            return current_temp, current_pres

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = App()
    app.mainloop()