定义 PowerShell 模块中所有函数通用的参数

Question

I am writing a PowerShell module, the functions inside this module have some parameters which will be re-used across all functions. Rather than copy-pasting the function definition each time I add a new function, I would like to define them at the top like a script variable and then insert them into each function, giving me a single place to update if they need to be changed.

Looking at how dynamic parameters are defined it seems like I should be able to define an object of that type and then reference it in the function definitions, but I can't find anything online giving me the correct syntax to do this.

Using PowerShell version 7.2

$Script:ReUsedParameters = param(
    [Parameter()]
    [String]$Name,
    [Parameter()]
    [Int]$Id
)


Function New-Command {
    Param ($ReUsedParameters)

    Write-Output "Name: $Name, ID: $ID"
}

Answer 1

For the sake of answering, you can store the runtime parameters definitions in a script block and then call it & inside the function's dynamicparam block .

I do not think this is a good idea nor I recommend using this. All functions should have their own repeated param blocks if needed.

$reusedParameters = {
    $paramDictionary = [System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameterDictionary]::new()

    # Since both parameters don't have any arguments (Mandatory, Position, ValueFromPipeline, etc..)
    # you can use this one for both, otherwise, each dynamic parameter should have their own
    # Parameter Declaration
    [Parameter[]] $paramAttribute = [Parameter]::new()

    $paramDictionary['Name'] = [System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter]::new('Name', [string], $paramAttribute)
    $paramDictionary['Id'] = [System.Management.Automation.RuntimeDefinedParameter]::new('Id', [int], $paramAttribute)

    return $paramDictionary
}

Function New-Command {
    [CmdletBinding()] # `CmdletBinding` is Mandataroy here
    param()           # if the `param` block is empty

    dynamicparam {
        & $reusedParameters
    }

    end {
        # Caveat: you can reference these parameters via $PSBoundParameters
        #         $Name and $Id are not part of the `param` block
        #         hence that wouldn't work here
        "Name: {0}, ID: {1}" -f $PSBoundParameters['Name'], $PSBoundParameters['ID']
    }
}

New-Command -Name asd -Id 123

Answer 2

As a declarative approach, you may turn the common parameters into class properties and have a single function parameter of the class type.

class MyReUsedParameters {
    [String] $Name
    [Int] $Id = 23
}

Function New-Command {
    Param (
        [MyReUsedParameters] $ReUsedParameters,
        $AnotherParam
    )

    Write-Output "Name: $($ReUsedParameters.Name), ID: $($ReUsedParameters.ID)"
}

New-Command -ReUsedParameters @{ Name = 'foo'; Id = 42 } -AnotherParam bar

When passing a hashtable or PSCustomObject that has matching properties, it will automatically be converted to the class type.

You may even validate class properties similar to regular parameters. Most parameter validation attributes can be specified for class properties as well.

class MyReUsedParameters {
    [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [String] $Name
    [Int] $Id = 23

    # Constructor - required to apply validation
    MyReUsedParameters( [Hashtable] $ht ) {
        $this.Name = $ht.Name
        $this.Id = $ht.Id
    }
}

Function New-Command {
    Param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory)] 
        [MyReUsedParameters] $ReUsedParameters
    )

    Write-Output "Name: $($ReUsedParameters.Name), ID: $($ReUsedParameters.ID)"
}

# Causes an error (as expected), because Name property is missing
New-Command -ReUsedParameters @{ Id = 42 }