C 将数组元素打印到终端和 txt 文件的程序

Question

The API's that I am supposed to to use for this are open(), write() and sprintf(). If you are going to post a response of answer please don't recommend any other API's.

My program is supposed to scan for 10 elements and then print the elements in reverse order to the terminal and to a txt file.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
        int fd;
        char buffer[100];
        int *arr;
        int i;
        arr = malloc(10 * sizeof(int));
        fd = open("file.txt", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0644);
        if (fd < 0)
        {
            perror("write() failed\n");
            exit(-1);
        }

        printf("Input 10 elements in the array:\n");

        for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
            scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
        }

        printf("\nElements in array are: ");
        sprintf(buffer, "Elements in array are: ");
        // write(fd, buffer,strlen(buffer));

        for(int j=9; j>=0; j--){
          //print to console
          printf("\n%d ", arr[j]);
          sprintf(buffer,"\n%d", arr[i]);
        }

        //write to file
        write(fd, buffer,strlen(buffer));
        
        close(fd);

        free(arr);
        printf("\n");
        return 0;
}

The elements of the array print in reverse order to the terminal perfectly fine. The area I am stuck on is printing it to a text file. I know how to use fprintf() and writing to a text file with that API but right now my instructions are to use open() and write(). In my text file I have the following:

1

My question is what can I do to fix this and get the correct output in the txt file. Thanks.

I tried the above code.

Answer 1

In this for loop

    for(int j=9; j>=0; j--){
      //print to console
      printf("\n%d ", arr[j]);
      sprintf(buffer,"\n%d", arr[i]);
    }

each element of the array arr is being written in the beginning of buffer overwriting the previous content of buffer .

Instead you could write for example

    int offset = 0;
    for(int j=9; j>=0; j--){
      //print to console
      printf("\n%d ", arr[j]);
      offset += sprintf(buffer + offset,"\n%d", arr[i]);
    }

In this case each next element of the array will be appended to the string already stored in buffer .

Here is a demonstration program.

#include <stdio.h>

int main( void )
{
    int arr[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
    const size_t N = sizeof( arr ) / sizeof( *arr );
    char buffer[100];

    int offset = 0;
    for (size_t i = N; i != 0; )
    {
        offset += sprintf( buffer + offset, "\n%d", arr[--i] );
    }

    puts( buffer );
}

The program output is

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

Another approach is to move this statement

write(fd, buffer,strlen(buffer));

inside the for loop.