[英]How to compile a 32-bit binary on a 64-bit linux machine with gcc/cmake
Is it possible to compile a project in 32-bit with cmake
and gcc
on a 64-bit system? 是否可以在64位系统上使用
cmake
和gcc
编译32位项目? It probably is, but how do I do it? 它可能是,但我该怎么做?
When I tried it the "ignorant" way, without setting any parameters/flags/etc, just setting LD_LIBRARY_PATH
to find the linked libraries in ~/tools/lib
it seems to ignore it and only look in subdirectories named lib64 . 当我尝试“无知”的方式,没有设置任何参数/标志/等,只是设置
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
来找到~/tools/lib
的链接库它似乎忽略它,只查看名为lib64的子目录。
export CFLAGS=-m32
$ gcc test.c -o testc $ file testc testc: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, not stripped $ ldd testc linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff227ff000) libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x000000391f000000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x000000391ec00000) $ gcc -m32 test.c -o testc $ file testc testc: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, not stripped $ ldd testc linux-gate.so.1 => (0x009aa000) libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00780000) /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x0075b000)
In short: use the -m32
flag to compile a 32-bit binary. 简而言之:使用
-m32
标志来编译32位二进制文件。
Also, make sure that you have the 32-bit versions of all required libraries installed (in my case all I needed on Fedora was glibc-devel.i386) 另外,请确保安装了所有必需库的32位版本(在我的情况下,我在Fedora上需要的只是glibc-devel.i386)
In later versions of CMake, one way to do it on each target is: 在CMake的更高版本中,在每个目标上执行此操作的一种方法是:
set_target_properties(MyTarget PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS "-m32" LINK_FLAGS "-m32")
I don't know of a way to do it globally. 我不知道在全球范围内做到这一点的方法。
For C++, you could do: 对于C ++,你可以这样做:
export CXXFLAGS=-m32
This works with cmake. 这适用于cmake。
One way is to setup a chroot environment. 一种方法是设置chroot环境。 Debian has a number of tools for that, for example debootstrap
Debian有很多工具,比如debootstrap
For any complex application, I suggest to use an lxc container . 对于任何复杂的应用程序,我建议使用lxc容器 。 lxc containers are 'something in the middle between a chroot on steroids and a full fledged virtual machine'.
lxc容器是'在类固醇上的chroot和完全成熟的虚拟机之间的中间'。
For example, here's a way to build 32-bit wine using lxc on an Ubuntu Trusty system: 例如,这是在Ubuntu Trusty系统上使用lxc构建32位wine的方法:
sudo apt-get install lxc lxc-templates
sudo lxc-create -t ubuntu -n my32bitbox -- --bindhome $LOGNAME -a i386 --release trusty
sudo lxc-start -n my32bitbox
# login as yourself
sudo sh -c "sed s/deb/deb-src/ /etc/apt/sources.list >> /etc/apt/sources.list"
sudo apt-get install devscripts
sudo apt-get build-dep wine1.7
apt-get source wine1.7
cd wine1.7-*
debuild -eDEB_BUILD_OPTIONS="parallel=8" -i -us -uc -b
shutdown -h now # to exit the container
Here is the wiki page about how to build 32-bit wine on a 64-bit host using lxc . 这是关于如何使用lxc在64位主机上构建32位wine的Wiki页面。
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