确定是否正在使用GAC'ed和NGen'ed程序集

Question

How do I determine if the Native images are being used without the Loader verifing the signature of the assembly at runtime, or even using the GAC'ed assembly?

I have complex system that we're experimenting with NGen but currently we're running the exe from the folder where all the DLL's are located due to a lot of late binding dependencies, looking at Process Explorer, it looks like the Native images are being used, but how can I be sure I'm getting the full benefit and eliminating the Loader Verification step?

Cheers, Graeme.

Update: I'm getting lots of this sort of thing from the Assembly Binding Log viewer:

LOG: [Level 1]Start validating IL dependency MyCompany.Entities, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=7cd8595f4671c5dd.
LOG: Dependency evaluation succeeded.

and at the end

LOG: Validation of dependencies succeeded.
LOG: Start loading all the dependencies into load context.
LOG: Loading of dependencies succeeded.
LOG: Bind to native image succeeded.
Native image has correct version information.
Attempting to use native image C:\Windows\assembly\NativeImages_v2.0.50727_32\MyCompany.Mylibrary#\4710bb8309419d707681bd360088181f\MyCompany.MyLibrary.MyClass.ni.dll.
ZAP: Native image has been relocated.
Native image successfully used.

So it's using the Native images but still verifying them, ie not using the GAC version even though that's where I created the Native image from, Like so:

ngen install "MyCompany.Entites, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=7cd8595f4671c5dd, processorArchitecture=MSIL"

Footnote: This articles seems to imply that if the assemblies are not loaded from the GAC then the verification process will offset the NGen advantages? CLR Inside Out - Improving Application Startup Performance (MSDN)

Update - As Nobugz has pointed out in a comment below, the verification step mentioned above is not performed since 3.5 SP1 see: MSDN Docs on NGen

Answer 1

You can easily see it from the Fuslogvw.exe tool. Start it from the Visual Studio Command Prompt. Configure it with Log Categories = Native Images, Settings + Log all binds to disk. Run your program. Back to fuslogvw, Refresh. It will show you a list of all assemblies that got loaded.

Double-click an entry to see how the assembly got loaded. If it came from the GAC, you'll see:

LOG: IL assembly loaded from C:\\Windows\\assembly\\GAC_MSIL\\blahblah

If the Ngen-ed images was used, you'll see:

LOG: Bind to native image succeeded.

Answer 2

You can see if the assembly came from the GAC pretty easily:

Assembly assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();

if (assembly.GlobalAssemblyCache)
{
    Console.WriteLine("I'm in the GAC!");
}

EDIT: found a way...

In order to see if it is NGEN'd, you have to read the assembly directly and see if the Precompile Header field has data as per this page . I'm a bit rusty on getting to that value, but that should do it. I don't see a way to figure it out via the reflection methods.

Answer 3

You can use the VMMAP . There, all the .dll (assembly) have location details

In details if your assembly is being loaded from "C:\\Windows\\assembly\\NativeImages(version)..." so your application are using the native image.