在bash脚本中使用awk命令中的regex

Question

I'm trying to read a file of regexes, looping over them and filtering them out of another file. I'm so close, but I'm having issues with my $regex var substitution I believe.

while read regex
do
  awk -vRS= '!/$regex/' ORS="\n\n" $tempOne > $tempTwo
  mv $tempTwo $tempOne
done < $filterFile

$tempOne and $tempTwo are temporary files. $filterFile is the file containing the regexes.

Answer 1

$regex is not getting expanded because it is single quoted. In bash, expansions are only done in doublequoted strings:

foo="bar"
echo '$foo'  # --> $foo
echo "$foo"  # --> bar

So, just break up your string like so:

'!'"/$regex/"

and it will behave as you expect. The ! should not be evaluated, since that will execute the last command in your history.

Answer 2

pass your shell variable to awk using -v option

while read regex
do
  awk -vRS= -vregex="$regex" '$0!~regex' ORS="\n\n" $tempOne > $tempTwo
  mv $tempTwo $tempOne
done < $filterFile

Answer 3

I think you have a quoting problem

$ regex=asdf
$ echo '!/$regex/'
!/$regex/
$ echo "!/$regex/"
bash: !/$regex/: event not found
$ echo "\!/$regex/"
\!/asdf/
$ echo '!'"/$regex/"
!/asdf/