.NET有多个集合的内置IEnumerable吗？

Question

I need an easy way to iterate over multiple collections without actually merging them, and I couldn't find anything built into .NET that looks like it does that. It feels like this should be a somewhat common situation. I don't want to reinvent the wheel. Is there anything built in that does something like this:

public class MultiCollectionEnumerable<T> : IEnumerable<T>
{
    private MultiCollectionEnumerator<T> enumerator;
    public MultiCollectionEnumerable(params IEnumerable<T>[] collections)
    {
        enumerator = new MultiCollectionEnumerator<T>(collections);
    }

    public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
    {
        enumerator.Reset();
        return enumerator;
    }

    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
    {
        enumerator.Reset();
        return enumerator;
    }


    private class MultiCollectionEnumerator<T> : IEnumerator<T>
    {
        private IEnumerable<T>[] collections;
        private int currentIndex;
        private IEnumerator<T> currentEnumerator;

        public MultiCollectionEnumerator(IEnumerable<T>[] collections)
        {
            this.collections = collections;
            this.currentIndex = -1;
        }

        public T Current
        {
            get
            {
                if (currentEnumerator != null)
                    return currentEnumerator.Current;
                else
                    return default(T);
            }
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (currentEnumerator != null)
                currentEnumerator.Dispose();
        }

        object IEnumerator.Current
        {
            get
            {
                return Current;
            }
        }

        public bool MoveNext()
        {
            if (currentIndex >= collections.Length)
                return false;
            if (currentIndex < 0)
            {
                currentIndex = 0;
                if (collections.Length > 0)
                    currentEnumerator = collections[0].GetEnumerator();
                else
                    return false;
            }
            while (!currentEnumerator.MoveNext())
            {
                currentEnumerator.Dispose();
                currentEnumerator = null;

                currentIndex++;
                if (currentIndex >= collections.Length)
                    return false;
                currentEnumerator = collections[currentIndex].GetEnumerator();
            }
            return true;
        }

        public void Reset()
        {
            if (currentEnumerator != null)
            {
                currentEnumerator.Dispose();
                currentEnumerator = null;
            }
            this.currentIndex = -1;
        }
    }

}

Answer 1

Try the SelectMany extension method added in 3.5.

IEnumerable<IEnumerable<int>> e = ...;
foreach ( int cur in e.SelectMany(x => x)) {
  Console.WriteLine(cur);
}

The code SelectMany(x => x) has the effect of flattening a collection of collections into a single collection. This is done in a lazy fashion and allows for straight forward processing as shown above.

If you only have C# 2.0 available, you can use an iterator to achieve the same results.

public static IEnumerable<T> Flatten<T>(IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> enumerable) {
  foreach ( var inner in enumerable ) {
    foreach ( var value in inner ) {
      yield return value;
    }
  }
}

Answer 2

Just use the Enumerable.Concat() extension method to "concatenate" two IEnumerables. Don't worry, it doesn't actually copy them into a single array (as you might infer from the name), it simply allows you to enumerate over them all as if they were one IEnumerable.

If you have more than two then Enumerable.SelectMany() would be better.