我将如何指示 extconf.rb 使用额外的 g++ 优化标志，哪些是可取的？

Question

I'm using Rice to write a C++ extension for a Ruby gem. The extension is in the form of a shared object (.so) file.

This requires 'mkmf-rice' instead of 'mkmf', but the two (AFAIK) are pretty similar.

By default, the compiler uses the flags -g -O2 . Personally, I find this kind of silly, since it's hard to debug with any optimization enabled. I've resorted to editing the Makefile to take out the flags I don't like (eg, removing -fPIC -shared when I need to debug using main() instead of Ruby's hooks).

But I figure there's got to be a better way. I know I can just do

$CPPFLAGS += " -DRICE"

to add additional flags. But how do I remove things without editing the Makefile directly?

A secondary question: what optimizations are safe for shared objects loaded by Ruby? Can I do things like -funroll-loops ? What do you all recommend?

It's a scientific computing project, so the faster the better. Memory is not much of an issue.

Answer 1

To define you use

-D name=definition

like you do in your example:

$CPPFLAGS += " -DRICE"

-U name
Cancel any previous definition of name, either built in or provided with a -D option.

$CPPFLAGS += " -URICE"

Although I'm not sure if it'll help with undefining -O2 like you want it.

Answer 2

The quick and dirty way is to append -O0 to CXXFLAGS, which will turn off optimization. Later options will override earlier ones.

As far as safety for a plugin, you should be able to do anything that doesn't affect the ABI. Without testing, I don't see why -funroll would. Of course, safe does not imply better. As noted by the man page, "-funroll-loops makes code larger, and may or may not make it run faster."