[英]overload == (and != , of course) operator, can I bypass == to determine whether the object is null
when I try to overload operator == and != in C#, and override Equal as recommended, I found I have no way to distinguish a normal object and null. 当我尝试在C#中重载operator ==和!=并按推荐重写Equal时,我发现我无法区分普通对象和null。 For example, I defined a class Complex.
例如,我定义了一个类Complex。
public static bool operator ==(Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
{
return lhs.Equals(rhs);
}
public static bool operator !=(Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
{
return !lhs.Equals(rhs);
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
if (obj is Complex)
{
return (((Complex)obj).Real == this.Real &&
((Complex)obj).Imaginary == this.Imaginary);
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
But when I want to use 但是当我想用的时候
if (temp == null)
When temp is really null, some exception happens. 当temp真的为null时,会发生一些异常。 And I can't use == to determine whether the lhs is null, which will cause infinite loop.
并且我不能使用==来确定lhs是否为null,这将导致无限循环。
What should I do in this situation. 在这种情况下我该怎么办
One way I can think of is to us some thing like Class.Equal(object, object) (if it exists) to bypass the == when I do the check. 我能想到的一种方法是给我们一些像Class.Equal(对象,对象)(如果它存在的话)在我做检查时绕过==。
What is the normal way to solve the problem? 解决问题的正常方法是什么?
Thank you. 谢谢。
You can use the following at the top of your Equals override: 您可以在等于覆盖的顶部使用以下内容:
if (Object.ReferenceEquals(obj, null))
return false;
The exception you are getting is probably a StackOverflowException because your == operator will cause infinite recursion. 您获得的异常可能是StackOverflowException,因为您的==运算符将导致无限递归。
EDIT: 编辑:
If Complex is a struct you should not have any problems with NullReferenceExceptions. 如果Complex是一个结构,那么NullReferenceExceptions不应该有任何问题。 If Complex is a class you can change your implementation of the == and != operator overloads to avoid the exception (Laurent Etiemble already pointed this out in his answer):
如果Complex是一个类,你可以改变你的==和!=运算符重载的实现来避免异常(Laurent Etiemble已经在他的回答中指出了这一点):
public static bool operator ==(Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
{
return Equals(lhs, rhs);
}
public static bool operator !=(Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
{
return !Equals(lhs, rhs);
}
You should consider using the static Equals method in the operator overloads (which will call the instance Equals method): 您应该考虑在运算符重载中使用静态Equals方法(它将调用实例Equals方法):
public static bool operator ==(Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
{
return Equals(lhs, rhs);
}
public static bool operator !=(Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
{
return !Equals(lhs, rhs);
}
Note: You may also check for null
in the Equals method. 注意:您也可以在Equals方法中检查
null
。
You can also read the Object.Equals Topic on MSDN , which is a great source of samples. 您还可以在MSDN上阅读Object.Equals主题 ,这是一个很好的样本来源。
public static bool operator ==(Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
{
if (Object.ReferenceEquals(lhs, null))
{
return Object.ReferenceEquals(rhs, null);
}
return lhs.Equals(rhs);
}
public static bool operator !=(Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
{
return !(lhs == rhs);
}
Poor man's unit test 穷人的单元测试
Action<Complex, Complex> tester = (left, right) =>
{
Console.WriteLine(left == right);
Console.WriteLine(left != right);
Console.WriteLine(left == null);
Console.WriteLine(left != null);
Console.WriteLine("---");
};
tester(new Complex(), new Complex());
tester(null, new Complex());
tester(null, null);
tester(new Complex(), null);
There is a better approach then using operators is
and cast
: 有一个更好的方法,然后使用运营商
is
和cast
:
Complex c = obj as Complex;
return (c != null) && (c.Real == this.Real) && (c.Imaginary == this.Imaginary);
Here is a quick test concerning Equals
operator override and comparing with null
: 这是一个关于
Equals
运算符覆盖和与null
比较的快速测试:
class Complex
{
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
if (obj is Complex)
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
}
Debugging doesn't step into operator's body: 调试不会进入操作员的身体:
var b = (new Complex() == new Complex());
I think you shoud test for null in the == operator implementation. 我想你应该在==运算符实现中测试null。 Otherwise, when lhs is null, you'd call Complex(null).Equals (I don't know for C#, but in Java this would be a Nullpointer Exception)
否则,当lhs为null时,你会调用Complex(null).Equals(我不知道C#,但在Java中这将是一个Nullpointer异常)
To test for null, I suggest something like: 要测试null,我建议像:
if (null == lhs && null == rhs) return true
else if (null == lhs) return false
else return lhs.Equals(rhs);
So Object.Equals will be called for all == comparisons above. 因此,将为上面的所有==比较调用Object.Equals。
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