在django Web应用程序中实现“上次看到”功能的最佳方法是什么？

Question

I have a running django/apache2 + memcached app (ubuntu) and would like to keep track of logged in users that are online.

What would be the best way to track this?

I would prefer not writing to the database each time a logged in user loads a page; but what other options are there?

Answer 1

An approach might be:

you create a middleware that does the following on process_response:

• check for a cookie called 'online', but only if the user is authenticated
• if the cookie is not there,
  • set a cookie called 'online' with value '1'
  • set the lifespan of the cookie to 10 minutes
  • update the 'last_login' field of auth.User for this user with the current datetime

now you have all currently logged in users in your auth.User table. All Users that have a last_login newer than datetime.now()-interval(15minutes) might be considered "online".

The database will be written for every logged in user about every 10 minutes. Adjust the values "10" and "15" to your needs.

The advantage here is that database writes are rare (according to your two numeric settings 10/15). And for speed optimization make sure that last_login is indexed, so a filter on this field including Count is really fast.

Hope this helps.

Answer 2

内存中的散列映射或队列，每小时左右运行一个任务以保留它。

Answer 3

You need to persist the info server-side, integrity isn't critical, throughput and latency are important. That means you should use some sort of key-value store.

Memcached and redis have keys that expire. You probably have memcached already installed, so use that.

You can reset expiry time of the user:last-seen:$username key every visit, or you can use mawimawi's cookie technique and have expiry = 4 * cookie-lifetime.

Answer 4

You can't do that in django without using a database/persistent-storage because of the same reason why django sessions are stored in database: There can be multiple instances of your applications running and the must synchronize their states+data through a single persistence source [1]

Alternatively, you might want to write this information in a folder in a file named with user id and then check its create/modified date to find the required information.