[英]sqlalchemy filter multiple columns
How do I combine two columns and apply filter?如何组合两列并应用过滤器? For example, I want to search in both the "firstname" and "lastname" columns at the same time.
例如,我想同时在“firstname”和“lastname”列中进行搜索。 Here is how I have been doing it if searching only one column:
如果只搜索一列,我是这样做的:
query = meta.Session.query(User).filter(User.firstname.like(searchVar))
There are number of ways to do it:有多种方法可以做到:
Using filter()
( and operator)使用
filter()
(和运算符)
query = meta.Session.query(User).filter(
User.firstname.like(search_var1),
User.lastname.like(search_var2)
)
Using filter_by()
( and operator)使用
filter_by()
(和运算符)
query = meta.Session.query(User).filter_by(
firstname.like(search_var1),
lastname.like(search_var2)
)
Chaining filter()
or filter_by()
( and operator)链接
filter()
或filter_by()
(和运算符)
query = meta.Session.query(User).\
filter_by(firstname.like(search_var1)).\
filter_by(lastname.like(search_var2))
Using or_()
, and_()
, and not()
使用
or_()
and_()
并not()
from sqlalchemy import and_, or_, not_
query = meta.Session.query(User).filter(
and_(
User.firstname.like(search_var1),
User.lastname.like(search_var2)
)
)
You can simply call filter
multiple times:您可以简单地多次调用
filter
器:
query = meta.Session.query(User).filter(User.firstname.like(searchVar1)). \
filter(User.lastname.like(searchVar2))
You can use SQLAlchemy's or_
function to search in more than one column (the underscore is necessary to distinguish it from Python's own or
).您可以使用 SQLAlchemy 的
or_
函数在多列中搜索(下划线是必要的,以将其与 Python 自己的or
区分开来)。
Here's an example:下面是一个例子:
from sqlalchemy import or_
query = meta.Session.query(User).filter(or_(User.firstname.like(searchVar),
User.lastname.like(searchVar)))
A generic piece of code that will work for multiple columns.适用于多列的通用代码。 This can also be used if there is a need to conditionally implement search functionality in the application.
如果需要在应用程序中有条件地实现搜索功能,也可以使用此方法。
search_key = "abc"
search_args = [col.ilike('%%%s%%' % search_key) for col in ['col1', 'col2', 'col3']]
query = Query(table).filter(or_(*search_args))
session.execute(query).fetchall()
Note: the %%
are important to skip % formatting the query.注意:
%%
对于跳过 % 格式化查询很重要。
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