打印阵列的键

Question

I could not figure out how to pass a variable number of variables into a function. I thought passing in an array and using the array keys for the variables names could replace the need to pass extra variables into the function, and it worked (I'm sure there is a better way to accomplish this, suggestions welcome). However, I can't seem to get the keys out of the array inside the function.

The array:

  $parameters[day] = 1;
  $parameters[month] = 8;
  $parameters[year] = 2010; 

Inside the function:

foreach(key($parameters) as $key)
{
   print($key);
   print("<br>");
}

The code inside the function retuns a warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach(). How can I pull the keys out of the array?

Answer 1

You can use PHP's array_keys function to grab the keys, like so:

foreach(array_keys($parameters) as $paramName)
  echo $paramName . "<br>";

Or, you can run through the array using a special foreach which allows you to separate the key and value for every element, like so:

foreach($parameters as $paramName => $value)
  echo $paramName . "<br>";

Also, make sure that you are using a "string" (with quotes) or integer (like 1337 ) as your key, like so:

$parameters["day"] = 1;
$parameters["month"] = 8;
$parameters["year"] = 2010;

OR if you want to get fancier:

$parameters = array(
  "day" => 1,
  "month" => 8,
  "year" => 2010
);

Your code should look like:

$parameters = array(
  "day" => 1,
  "month" => 8,
  "year" => 2010
);
foreach($parameters as $paramName => $paramValue)
  echo $paramName . "<br>";

Answer 2

Passing an associative array to a function is a reasonable way to pass in a variable number of parameters.

foreach ($parameters as $key => $value) {
  echo $key . ' = ' . $value . '<br>';
}

Alternatively you could pass in an instance of stdClass (casting the argument to an object). But an array does the job.

I assume your array keys aren't constants, in which case they should be quoted strings:

$parameters['day'] = 1;
$parameters['month'] = 8;
$parameters['year'] = 2010; 

Answer 3

I'm sure there is a better way to accomplish this, suggestions welcome

Because you asked for alternate suggestions, here's one. You can use varargs to pass a variable number of arguments to a function. Here's an example:

function my_function() {
    $numArgs = func_num_args();
    $args = func_get_args(); // an array of the arguments, in order
}

This doesn't offer you "named" arguments, but it does allow you variable numbers of arguments (like you claim you're trying to do in your question).

Here are some relevant documentation pages:

• func_get_args()
• func_get_arg()
• func_num_args()

However, that's not to say that your array-based approach is a bad one. In some ways it provides batter readability since you're explicitly mapping keys to values; maintainers reading your code will be better-able to understand what's being passed to the function. I'm just giving you some options.

Answer 4

array_keys函数将返回所有数组键的数组。

Answer 5

尝试这个

foreach($parameters as $key => $value)

Answer 6

If you want just to output keys, you can do this without cycles:

$parameters = ["day" => 1, "month" => 8, "year" => 2010];
echo  implode('<BR>', array_keys($parameters));

Or output keys with values:

$parameters = ["day" => 1, "month" => 8, "year" => 2010];
echo implode('<BR>', array_map(function($v, $k){ return $k.'='.$v;}, $parameters, array_keys($parameters)));

Answer 7

<?php
$array = array(0 => 100, "color" => "red");
print_r(array_keys($array));
?>

Answer 8

foreach(array_keys($parameters) as $key) {
   echo $key.'<br/>';
}