如何在不安装Octave的情况下创建简单的Octave可分发

Question

The Octave documentation on this subject is both intimidating and sparse.

I did not know where else to document the solution I found, so I am posting here. I apologize if that's inappropriate, but I want to help the next guy.

The following solution is for a simple windows distributable.

Use Case:
A solution is developed in Octave 3.2.4, and needs to be distributed to end-users with few computer skills. Installing and explaining Octave is impossible, the solution must be "one-click" or "brain-dead-simple."

Known Issues:
imread fails in 3.2.4 because file_in_path.m is wrong. You will need to update the file file_in_path.m to the following (just replace it):

function name=file_in_path(p,file)
  idx=[1 findstr(p,pathsep) length(p)+1];
  for i=1:length(idx)-1
    if idx(i+1)-idx(i)<=1
      dir=strcat(pwd,"/");
    else
      dir=p(idx(i)+1:idx(i+1)-1);
    end
    name = fullfile(dir, file);
    fid = fopen(name,"r");
    if fid >= 0
      fclose(fid);
      return
    end
  end
  fid = fopen(file,"r");
  if fid >= 0,
    fclose(fid);
    name=file;
    return
  end
  name=[]; 

Answer 1

Solution: Create a distributable exe using mkoctfile, and package this exe with the core Octave files, and other .oct and .m files as necessary.

Step 1: Create a stand-alone executable.

You can see code that works here: http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/doc/interpreter/Standalone-Programs.html

Particularly the file "embedded.cc".

I have simplified that file as follows:

#include <iostream>
#include <octave/oct.h>
#include <octave/octave.h>
#include <octave/parse.h>

int
main (int argc, char *argvc[])
{
  string_vector argv (2);
  argv(0) = "embedded";
  argv(1) = "-q";

  octave_main (2, argv.c_str_vec(), 1);

  octave_value_list in = octave_value (argvc[1]);
  octave_value_list out = feval ("your_custom_m_file", in);

  if (!error_state && out.length () > 0)
    {
    }
    else
    {
        std::cout << "invalid\n";
    }

  return 0;
}

Build this file with the command

mkoctfile --link-stand-alone embedded.cc -o embedded

It may throw warnings, but as long as it throws no errors, you should be fine. The file embedded.exe will be built, and can be run. The only issue is that it will lack all the goodies that make octave awesome. You will have to provide those.

Step 2: Create a distribution folder

You will need to create a copy of many of the Octave files. I suggest a directory specifically for this. At a minimum, you will need a copy of all or most of the DLLs in \\bin. Additionally, place your distributable executable in this directory.

Step 3: Other files whack-a-mole

You will now need to find out what other files will be necessary to run your .m script. You can simplify this step by copying \\oct\\i686-pc-mingw32*.oct and \\share\\octave\\3.2.4\\m\\*\\*.m to the distribution directory, although this will be overkill, and will not actually prevent the whack-a-mole step.

Now, you must play whack-a-mole or the time-honored tradition of "where my includes be at, yo?"

1. Open a cmd prompt and navigate to your distribution folder.
2. Get rid of any useful PATH strings. Your customers won't have them.

3. Attempt to run the program embedded.exe. You will get an error such as the following:

   embedded.exe
   error: `max' undefined near line 83 column 22
   error: evaluating argument list element number 1
   error: evaluating argument list element number 1
   error: called from:
   error: T:\\sms\\Development\\research\\c2\\disttest\\strcat.m at line 83, column 3
   error: T:\\sms\\Development\\research\\c2\\disttest\\file_in_path.m at line 5, column 10
   error: T:\\sms\\Development\\research\\c2\\disttest\\imread.m at line 50, column 6

4. A Search in your Octave installation for "max". It will either be a .oct or a .m file. In this case, it is a .oct file, max.oct. Copy it to your distribution directory.

   B You search for something obvious like "min", and get no results. This is because the Loadable Function "min" is in the .oct file "max.oct". Make a copy of max.oct, and rename it to min.oct. It will work now. How do you know where the functions are? I'm not sure. Most of them are in obvious places like "max.oct" for min, and "fft2.oct" for "ifft2.oct". Good luck with all that.

5. Repeat until your executable runs.

Answer 2

Just to add that if you want to run a script instead of an m function, then the line of the embedded.cc:

octave_value_list out = feval ("your_custom_m_file", in);

should be:

octave_value_list out = feval ("your_custom_m_script");

Also use 'which' to find where the missing functions are packed. For example for the min function:

octave:22> which min

min is a function from the file C:\\Octave\\Octave3.6.2_gcc4.6.2\\lib\\octave\\3.6.2\\oct\\i686-pc-mingw32\\max.oct

Answer 3

Something I found when linking my custom m file into an Octave standalone:

1. Needed #include <octave/toplev.h>
2. Replace return 0; (as above) with clean_up_and_exit(0);

Without these steps my program repeatedly crashed on exit.

Answer 4

Run mkoctfile --link-stand-alone embedded.cc -o embedded

from the octave solution and not from a batch file.

Just saved you half day (-;

Answer 5

In the above solution in bullet 4 B:

B You search for something obvious like "min", and get no results. This is because the Loadable Function "min" is in the .oct file "max.oct". Make a copy of max.oct, and rename it to min.oct. It will work now.

This might not work if some function is being called from @folder function.m and also to avoid unnecessary duplicated files, just add the following code somewhere in your m file outside @folder

autoload ("min", "max.oct");

Likewise, it can be removed via

autoload ("min", "max.oct", "remove");

Ensure that the path to max.oct is provided here.

The above understanding is based on a file PKG_ADD and PKG_DEL in the communications package located at \\Octave-4.0.1\\lib\\octave\\packages\\communications-1.2.1\\i686-w64-mingw32-api-v50+\\

Answer 6

Check out Stratego Octave Compiler .

(I've not tested it yet, but plan to do so in the next few days.)

Answer 7

I had that very same requirement (one-click, brain-dead-simple), so I made a setup that contained only curl.exe, the batch file below, an exe which was a .bat in disguise (simply calling the batch file below) and the .vbs script below (not writen by me). And of course my m-file.

This will download Octave 4.2.1 as a portable program (32 bit, otherwise we'dd have to download again if the system turns out to be 32 bit), unpack using the vbs script, move the contents to the same folder as the batch file and run it in GUI mode. Every next time the same script is called, it will only check if octave.bat is still there.

Of course this results in a huge waste of disk space, downloading the 280MB zip, which unpacks to over 1GB (which I make even worse by not deleting the zip afterwards), and you're stuck with a cmd window that is not easy to hide.

But it does offer the simplest solution I could find. It is also less likely to break in the future (either with an update of your own, or an update from Octave). Some glorious day, mkoktfile will actually be easy to use and will solve dependencies on its own, but until that day this remains the least headache-inducing solution I could find. And aspirins are more expensive than someone else's disk space.

::this file will test if the octave portable is downloaded and unpacked
@ECHO OFF

SET my_m_file=your_mfile.m
SET name_of_this_script=run_me.bat

::if the file exists, skip to the actual running.
IF EXIST "octave.bat" goto OctaveIsExtracted
IF EXIST "octave-4.2.1-w32.zip" goto OctaveIsDownloaded
ECHO The runtime (Octave portable 4.2.1) will now be downloaded.
ECHO This may take a long time, as it is about 280MB.
ECHO .
ECHO If this download restarts multiple times, you can manually download the octave-4.2.1-w32.zip from the GNU website. Make sure to unpack the contents.
::if this errors, you can uncomment the line with archive.org (which doesn't report total size during download)
curl http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/octave/windows/octave-4.2.1-w32.zip > octave-4.2.1-w32.zip
::curl http://web.archive.org/web/20170827205614/https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/octave/windows/octave-4.2.1-w32.zip > octave-4.2.1-w32.zip
:OctaveIsDownloaded
::check to see if the file size is the correct size to assume a successful download
::if the file size is incorrect, delete the file, restart this script to attempt a new download
::file size should be 293570269 bytes
call :filesize octave-4.2.1-w32.zip
IF /I "%size%" GEQ "293560000" goto OctaveIsDownloadedSuccessfully
del octave-4.2.1-w32.zip
::start new instance and exit and release this one
start %name_of_this_script%
exit
:OctaveIsDownloadedSuccessfully
IF EXIST "octave.bat" goto OctaveIsExtracted
::unzip and move those contents to the current folder
ECHO Unzipping octave portable, this may take a moment.
cscript //B j_unzip.vbs octave-4.2.1-w32.zip
SET src_folder=octave-4.2.1
SET tar_folder=%cd%
for /f %%a IN ('dir "%src_folder%" /b') do move %src_folder%\%%a %tar_folder%
pause
:OctaveIsExtracted
octave.bat %my_m_file%
goto :eof

:filesize
  set size=%~z1
  exit /b 0

And j_unzip.vbs

' j_unzip.vbs
'
' UnZip a file script
'
' By Justin Godden 2010
'
' It's a mess, I know!!!
'

' Dim ArgObj, var1, var2
Set ArgObj = WScript.Arguments

If (Wscript.Arguments.Count > 0) Then
 var1 = ArgObj(0)
Else
 var1 = ""
End if

If var1 = "" then
 strFileZIP = "example.zip"
Else
 strFileZIP = var1
End if

'The location of the zip file.
REM Set WshShell = CreateObject("Wscript.Shell")
REM CurDir = WshShell.ExpandEnvironmentStrings("%%cd%%")
Dim sCurPath
sCurPath = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetAbsolutePathName(".")
strZipFile = sCurPath & "\" & strFileZIP
'The folder the contents should be extracted to.
outFolder = sCurPath
'original line: outFolder = sCurPath & "\"

 WScript.Echo ( "Extracting file " & strFileZIP)

Set objShell = CreateObject( "Shell.Application" )
Set objSource = objShell.NameSpace(strZipFile).Items()
Set objTarget = objShell.NameSpace(outFolder)
intOptions = 256
objTarget.CopyHere objSource, intOptions

 WScript.Echo ( "Extracted." )