JavaScript如何做OOP？

Question

I am learning about creating objects in JavaScript. When I do this ...

var Person = {
   name: "John Doe", 
   sayHi: function() {
   alert("Hi");
   }
};

I know that I am creating an instance of a Person class, but I do not know how (or if) I can reuse that class to create another instance. What OOP features does JavaScript has? Does it have the same OO features as other languages such as Java, or Ruby? Can someone please explain how JavaScript does OOP?

Answer 1

In your example you are not creating an instance of a Person class. You are creating a variable named 'Person' which contains an anonymous object.

To create a class of type Person you would do:

function Person() {
   this.name = "John Doe", 
   this.sayHi =  function() {
   alert("Hi");
   }
}

var somebody = new Person();

Otherwise I think that your question is too broad and complex. There are many javascript articles and tutorials on the web (and books in the bookstores). Go and study them and if you don't understand something specific then post here.

Answer 2

JavaScript does not use classes. It uses prototyping. There are multiple ways of creating new objects.

You could do:

var john = Object.create(Person);

Or you could use the new keyword:

function Person() = {
   this.name = "John Doe", 
   this.sayHi = function() {
     alert("Hi");
   }
};

var john = new Person();

For more information read:

• http://javascript.crockford.com/inheritance.html
• http://www.w3schools.com/js/js_objects.asp
• http://javascript.crockford.com/prototypal.html
• http://mckoss.com/jscript/object.htm

Answer 3

克罗克福德在这里有一些很好的解释等。

Answer 4

There are several good online sources to read:

1. McKoss
   • On Objects
2. Crockford
   • On Inheritance
3. JavaScript Tutors
   • On Prototyping
   • On Objects
4. Looney
5. SitePoint
   • Object Oriented Programming I
   • Object Oriented Programming II

Answer 5

Check out Oran Looney's article on this: http://oranlooney.com/classes-and-objects-javascript/

He has several good Javascript articles.