如何使用Snap Framework维护服务器端状态？

Question

Server-side sessions are not [yet] part of the Snap Framework. Is there a way to add some sort of server side state?

Let's pretend I want to increment a counter for each HTTP request. How would I do it?

Answer 1

The above answer is correct as far as it goes, but it doesn't deal with some real issues.

First up is server restarts. If your storage is more than caching, it needs to be durable across server restarts.

Second is code reloading. Future versions of Snap, starting with 0.3 (probably due in early December) will have dynamic code reloading in development use. This is a huge advantage in terms of development speed, but it makes server-local state an interesting mental exercise. If the programmer changes the type/initialization/whatever of the server-local state, it needs to be re-initialized. There are some tremendous engineering challenges there.

When I was writing the dynamic-reloading code for 0.3, I struggled with that issue for for a while. Then I looked at other platforms. PHP? Stores everything externally (database, memcache, whatever). No cross-request storage in-memory at all. Ruby on Rails? Same.

When combined with the challenges inherent in the first issue, I came to the conclusion that the server should be stateless, aside from possible caching optimizations. Leave durability concerns for libraries/external processes that are designed for it.

So I designed the common interface used by the production and development loaders (one uses static loading, the other dynamic loading) to take 3 functions: An initialization function, a cleanup function, and a handler that uses the state returned by the initialization function. In production mode, that compiles down to calling initialize at server startup, and cleanup at server shutdown. In development mode, it compiles down to: for each request, dynamically load all 3, then run init, handler, cleanup. Obviously, no state will survive cross-request that way.

And then my answer becomes: Do your cross-request storage via some mechanism with built-in durability, and have the server state just be the interface to that. Use something like happstack-state or sqlite if you want to work in-process, or a database or some other external store if you want to work outside the local process.

Just as an added note, managing "global" resources like a connection pool or the like is also far easier in Snap 0.3, due to the addition of the MonadSnap interface.

Answer 2

Easiest way is to put the state behind an mvar:

fooHandler :: MVar Int -> Snap ()
fooHandler mvar = do
    x <- liftIO $ modifyMVar mvar $ \y -> let y'=y+1 in (y',y')
    writeBS $ S.pack $ "Incremented counter to: " ++ show x

Initialize the mvar when the site is initialized. Hope this helps.

Answer 3

I found two session-related packages:

• snap-auth (GitHub)
• mysnapsession

snap-auth is made by the the Snap Framework team, or at least by one of its authors/contirbutor (Ozgun Ataman). It targets authentication and session management. The session management is done using a map of ByteString to ByteString, implying you can only store data that has already been serialized to a ByteString:

type Session = Map ByteString ByteString

On the other hand, mysnapsession allows you to use an arbitrary type to model your session. There is however some helper functions for sessions of the Map type. More details here . The author, Chris Smith, is also part of the Snap Framework project.