正则表达式（iPhone上的HTML解析）

Question

I am trying to pull data from a website using objective-c. This is all very new to me, so I've done some research. What I know now is that I need to use xpath, and I have another wrapper for that called hpple for the iPhone. I've got it up and running in my project.

I am confused about the way I retrieve information from the site. Apparently I am to use regular expressions in this line of code:

NSArray * a = [doc search:@"//a[@class='sponsor']"];

This is just an example. Is that stuff in the search:@"...." the regular expression? If so, I guess I can develop the hundreds of patterns that I will need for my program to parse the site (I need a lot of data), but is there a better way? I'm very lost in this. Any help is appreciated.

Answer 1

The parameter is an XPath, not a regular expression. Here's a breakdown:

• All xpaths are interpreted relative to a context node . In this case, it's the root node.
• // is an abbreviation meaning "all descendents"
• a means "all child nodes with a node type of 'a'" (in HTML, that's anchors )
• [...] contains a predicate , refining just which a to match
  • @ is an abbreviation for attribute nodes
  • @class means an attribute named "class"
  • @class='sponsor' means a class attribute equal to "sponsor". Note this will not match nodes with a class containing "sponsor", such as <a class="big sponsor" ...> ; the class must be equal .

All together, we have "'a' nodes descending from the root that have class equal to 'sponsor'".

Answer 2

That is an XPath expression, not a regular expression. The W3C has an XPath reference here: http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/ . Basically you are searching for <a> elements with the class "sponsor".

Note that this is a good thing! Regular expressions are bad for parsing HTML.