使用django-芹菜进行单元测试？

Question

I am trying to come up with a testing methodology for our django-celery project. I have read the notes in the documentation , but it didn't give me a good idea of what to actually do. I am not worried about testing the tasks in the actual daemons, just the functionality of my code. Mainly I am wondering:

1. How can we bypass task.delay() during the test (I tried setting CELERY_ALWAYS_EAGER = True but it made no difference)?
2. How do we use the test settings that are recommended (if that is the best way) without actually changing our settings.py?
3. Can we still use manage.py test or do we have to use a custom runner?

Overall any hints or tips for testing with celery would be very helpful.

Answer 1

I like to use the override_settings decorator on tests which need celery results to complete.

from django.test import TestCase
from django.test.utils import override_settings
from myapp.tasks import mytask

class AddTestCase(TestCase):

    @override_settings(CELERY_EAGER_PROPAGATES_EXCEPTIONS=True,
                       CELERY_ALWAYS_EAGER=True,
                       BROKER_BACKEND='memory')
    def test_mytask(self):
        result = mytask.delay()
        self.assertTrue(result.successful())

If you want to apply this to all tests you can use the celery test runner as described at http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/2.5/django/unit-testing.html which basically sets these same settings except ( BROKER_BACKEND = 'memory' ).

In settings:

TEST_RUNNER = 'djcelery.contrib.test_runner.CeleryTestSuiteRunner'

Look at the source for CeleryTestSuiteRunner and it's pretty clear what's happening.

Answer 2

Try setting:

BROKER_BACKEND = 'memory'

(Thanks to asksol 's comment.)

Answer 3

Here's an excerpt from my testing base class that stubs out the apply_async method and records to the calls to it (which includes Task.delay .) It's a little gross, but it's managed to fit my needs over the past few months I've been using it.

from django.test import TestCase
from celery.task.base import Task
# For recent versions, Task has been moved to celery.task.app:
# from celery.app.task import Task
# See http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/reference/celery.app.task.html

class CeleryTestCaseBase(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        super(CeleryTestCaseBase, self).setUp()
        self.applied_tasks = []

        self.task_apply_async_orig = Task.apply_async

        @classmethod
        def new_apply_async(task_class, args=None, kwargs=None, **options):
            self.handle_apply_async(task_class, args, kwargs, **options)

        # monkey patch the regular apply_sync with our method
        Task.apply_async = new_apply_async

    def tearDown(self):
        super(CeleryTestCaseBase, self).tearDown()

        # Reset the monkey patch to the original method
        Task.apply_async = self.task_apply_async_orig

    def handle_apply_async(self, task_class, args=None, kwargs=None, **options):
        self.applied_tasks.append((task_class, tuple(args), kwargs))

    def assert_task_sent(self, task_class, *args, **kwargs):
        was_sent = any(task_class == task[0] and args == task[1] and kwargs == task[2]
                       for task in self.applied_tasks)
        self.assertTrue(was_sent, 'Task not called w/class %s and args %s' % (task_class, args))

    def assert_task_not_sent(self, task_class):
        was_sent = any(task_class == task[0] for task in self.applied_tasks)
        self.assertFalse(was_sent, 'Task was not expected to be called, but was.  Applied tasks: %s' %                 self.applied_tasks)

Here's an "off the top of the head" example of how you'd use it in your test cases:

mymodule.py

from my_tasks import SomeTask

def run_some_task(should_run):
    if should_run:
        SomeTask.delay(1, some_kwarg=2)

test_mymodule.py

class RunSomeTaskTest(CeleryTestCaseBase):
    def test_should_run(self):
        run_some_task(should_run=True)
        self.assert_task_sent(SomeTask, 1, some_kwarg=2)

    def test_should_not_run(self):
        run_some_task(should_run=False)
        self.assert_task_not_sent(SomeTask)

Answer 4

since I still see this come up in search results, settings override with

TEST_RUNNER = 'djcelery.contrib.test_runner.CeleryTestSuiteRunner'

worked for me as per Celery Docs

Answer 5

对于2019年来到这里的每个人：查看本文涵盖不同的策略，包括同步调用任务。

Answer 6

This is what I did

Inside myapp.tasks.py I have:

from celery import shared_task

@shared_task()
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

Inside myapp.test_tasks.py I have:

from django.test import TestCase, override_settings
from myapp.tasks import add


class TasksTestCase(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        ...

    @override_settings(CELERY_TASK_ALWAYS_EAGER=True,CELERY_TASK_EAGER_PROPOGATES=True)
    def test_create_sections(self):
        result= add.delay(1,2)
        assert result.successful() == True
        assert result.get() == 3