将文件夹结构（不含文件）从一个位置复制到另一个位置

Question

I want to create a clone of the structure of our multi-terabyte file server. I know that cp --parents can move a file and it's parent structure, but is there any way to copy the directory structure intact?

I want to copy to a linux system and our file server is CIFS mounted there.

Answer 1

You could do something like:

find . -type d > dirs.txt

to create the list of directories, then

xargs mkdir -p < dirs.txt

to create the directories on the destination.

Answer 2

cd /path/to/directories &&
find . -type d -exec mkdir -p -- /path/to/backup/{} \;

Answer 3

Here is a simple solution using rsync:

rsync -av -f"+ */" -f"- *" "$source" "$target"

• one line
• no problems with spaces
• preserve permissions

I found this solution there

Answer 4

I dunno if you are looking for a solution on Linux. If so, you can try this:

$ mkdir destdir
$ cd sourcedir
$ find . -type d | cpio -pdvm destdir

Answer 5

This copy the directories and files attributes, but not the files data:

cp -R --attributes-only SOURCE DEST

Then you can delete the files attributes if you are not interested in them:

find DEST -type f -exec rm {} \;

Answer 6

This works:

find ./<SOURCE_DIR>/ -type d | sed 's/\.\/<SOURCE_DIR>//g' | xargs -I {} mkdir -p <DEST_DIR>"/{}"

Just replace SOURCE_DIR and DEST_DIR.

Answer 7

The following solution worked well for me in various environments:

sourceDir="some/directory"
targetDir="any/other/directory"

find "$sourceDir" -type d | sed -e "s?$sourceDir?$targetDir?" | xargs mkdir -p

Answer 8

This solves even the problem with whitespaces:

In the original/source dir:

find . -type d -exec echo "'{}'" \; > dirs2.txt

then recreate it in the newly created dir:

mkdir -p <../<SOURCEDIR>/dirs2.txt

Answer 9

Substitute target_dir and source_dir with the appropriate values:

cd target_dir && (cd source_dir; find . -type d ! -name .) | xargs -i mkdir -p "{}"

Tested on OSX+Ubuntu.

Answer 10

1 线解决方案：

find . -type d -exec mkdir -p /path/to/copy/directory/tree/{} \;

Answer 11

If you can get access from a Windows machine, you can use xcopy with /T and /E to copy just the folder structure (the /E includes empty folders)

http://ss64.com/nt/xcopy.html

[EDIT!]

This one uses rsync to recreate the directory structure but without the files. http://psung.blogspot.com/2008/05/copying-directory-trees-with-rsync.html

Might actually be better :)

Answer 12

A python script from Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy posted on Copy only folders not files? :

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os,sys
dirs=[ r for r,s,f in os.walk(".") if r != "."]
for i in dirs:
    os.makedirs(os.path.join(sys.argv[1],i)) 

or from the shell:

python -c 'import os,sys;dirs=[ r for r,s,f in os.walk(".") if r != "."];[os.makedirs(os.path.join(sys.argv[1],i)) for i in dirs]' ~/new_destination

FYI:

• Copy top level folder structure without copying files in linux
• How do I copy a directory tree but not the files in Linux?

Answer 13

Another approach is use the tree which is pretty handy and navigating directory trees based on its strong options. There are options for directory only, exclude empty directories, exclude names with pattern, include only names with pattern, etc. Check out man tree

Advantage : you can edit or review the list, or if you do a lot of scripting and create a batch of empty directories frequently

Approach : create a list of directories using tree , use that list as an arguments input to mkdir

tree -dfi --noreport > some_dir_file.txt

-dfi lists only directories, prints full path for each name, makes tree not print the indentation lines,

--noreport Omits printing of the file and directory report at the end of the tree listing, just to make the output file not contain any fluff

Then go to the destination where you want the empty directories and execute

xargs mkdir < some_dir_file.txt

Answer 14

find source/ -type f  | rsync -a --exclude-from - source/ target/

仅复制具有相关权限和所有权的目录

Answer 15

简单的方法：

for i in `find . -type d`; do mkdir /home/exemplo/$i; done

Answer 16

Here is a solution in php that:

• copies the directories (not recursively, only one level)
• preserves permissions
• unlike the rsync solution, is fast even with directories containing thousands of files as it does not even go into the folders
• has no problems with spaces
• should be easy to read and adjust

Create a file like syncDirs.php with this content:

<?php
foreach (new DirectoryIterator($argv[1]) as $f) {
    if($f->isDot() || !$f->isDir()) continue;
        mkdir($argv[2].'/'.$f->getFilename(), $f->getPerms());
        chown($argv[2].'/'.$f->getFilename(), $f->getOwner());
        chgrp($argv[2].'/'.$f->getFilename(), $f->getGroup());
}

Run it as user that has enough rights:

sudo php syncDirs.php /var/source /var/destination