在没有 try-except 的情况下在 Python 中捕获键盘中断

Question

Is there some way in Python to capture KeyboardInterrupt event without putting all the code inside a try - except statement?

I want to cleanly exit without trace if user presses Ctrl + C .

Answer 1

Yes, you can install an interrupt handler using the module signal , and wait forever using a threading.Event :

import signal
import sys
import time
import threading

def signal_handler(signal, frame):
    print('You pressed Ctrl+C!')
    sys.exit(0)

signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
print('Press Ctrl+C')
forever = threading.Event()
forever.wait()

Answer 2

If all you want is to not show the traceback, make your code like this:

## all your app logic here
def main():
   ## whatever your app does.


if __name__ == "__main__":
   try:
      main()
   except KeyboardInterrupt:
      # do nothing here
      pass

(Yes, I know that this doesn't directly answer the question, but it's not really clear why needing a try/except block is objectionable -- maybe this makes it less annoying to the OP)

Answer 3

An alternative to setting your own signal handler is to use a context-manager to catch the exception and ignore it:

>>> class CleanExit(object):
...     def __enter__(self):
...             return self
...     def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb):
...             if exc_type is KeyboardInterrupt:
...                     return True
...             return exc_type is None
... 
>>> with CleanExit():
...     input()    #just to test it
... 
>>>

This removes the try - except block while preserving some explicit mention of what is going on.

This also allows you to ignore the interrupt only in some portions of your code without having to set and reset again the signal handlers everytime.

Answer 4

I know this is an old question but I came here first and then discovered the atexit module. I do not know about its cross-platform track record or a full list of caveats yet, but so far it is exactly what I was looking for in trying to handle post- KeyboardInterrupt cleanup on Linux. Just wanted to throw in another way of approaching the problem.

I want to do post-exit clean-up in the context of Fabric operations, so wrapping everything in try / except wasn't an option for me either. I feel like atexit may be a good fit in such a situation, where your code is not at the top level of control flow.

atexit is very capable and readable out of the box, for example:

import atexit

def goodbye():
    print "You are now leaving the Python sector."

atexit.register(goodbye)

You can also use it as a decorator (as of 2.6; this example is from the docs):

import atexit

@atexit.register
def goodbye():
    print "You are now leaving the Python sector."

If you wanted to make it specific to KeyboardInterrupt only, another person's answer to this question is probably better.

But note that the atexit module is only ~70 lines of code and it would not be hard to create a similar version that treats exceptions differently, for example passing the exceptions as arguments to the callback functions. (The limitation of atexit that would warrant a modified version: currently I can't conceive of a way for the exit-callback-functions to know about the exceptions; the atexit handler catches the exception, calls your callback(s), then re-raises that exception. But you could do this differently.)

For more info see:

• Official documentation on atexit
• The Python Module of the Week post , a good intro

Answer 5

You can prevent printing a stack trace for KeyboardInterrupt , without try: ... except KeyboardInterrupt: pass (the most obvious and propably "best" solution, but you already know it and asked for something else) by replacing sys.excepthook . Something like

def custom_excepthook(type, value, traceback):
    if type is KeyboardInterrupt:
        return # do nothing
    else:
        sys.__excepthook__(type, value, traceback)

Answer 6

I tried the suggested solutions by everyone, but I had to improvise code myself to actually make it work. Following is my improvised code:

import signal
import sys
import time

def signal_handler(signal, frame):
    print('You pressed Ctrl+C!')
    print(signal) # Value is 2 for CTRL + C
    print(frame) # Where your execution of program is at moment - the Line Number
    sys.exit(0)

#Assign Handler Function
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)

# Simple Time Loop of 5 Seconds
secondsCount = 5
print('Press Ctrl+C in next '+str(secondsCount))
timeLoopRun = True 
while timeLoopRun:  
    time.sleep(1)
    if secondsCount < 1:
        timeLoopRun = False
    print('Closing in '+ str(secondsCount)+ ' seconds')
    secondsCount = secondsCount - 1

Answer 7

If someone is in search for a quick minimal solution,

import signal

# The code which crashes program on interruption

signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, call_this_function_if_interrupted)

# The code skipped if interrupted