C - 在函数中初始化全局数组

Question

I have an array that i want to make global, and i want to initialize in a function call. I want to first declare it without knowing it's size:

char str[];

and later initialize it:

str = char[size];

How can i do this? I'm very new to c and perhaps I'm going completely the wrong way here, any help would be greatly appreciated.

Answer 1

The way to do it is with malloc . First declare just a pointer:

char *str;

Then in the init function you malloc it:

str = malloc(sizeof(*str) * size_of_array);

This allocates size_of_array elements of the size that str points to ( char in this case).

You should check if the allocation failed:

if (str == NULL) {
    // allocation failed
    // handle the error
}

Normally you have to make sure you free this allocated memory when you're done with it. However, in this case str is global, so it never goes out of scope, and the memory will be free d when the program ends.

Answer 2

Make your global array declaration look like this:

char *str = NULL;

Then in your initialisation function do something like this:

void init(int size)
{
    ...
    str = malloc(size * sizeof(char));
    ...
}

Answer 3

char* str;

str = (char*)malloc(size*sizeof(char));

You can skip the *sizeof(char) since sizeof(char) == 1 by definition.

Don't forget to deallocate the memory using free

Answer 4

Create a char* str; instead of an array. Then, allocate the required amount of memory using malloc or calloc and do the initialization in the function call itself.