Python os模块在当前目录上打开文件，具有相对路径

Question

The documentation for the OS module does not seem to have information about how to open a file that is not in a subdirectory or the current directory that the script is running in without a full path. My directory structure looks like this.

/home/matt/project/dir1/cgi-bin/script.py
/home/matt/project/fileIwantToOpen.txt

open("../../fileIwantToOpen.txt","r")

Gives a file not found error. But if I start up a python interpreter in the cgi-bin directory and try open("../../fileIwantToOpen.txt","r") it works. I don't want to hard code in the full path for obvious portability reasons. Is there a set of methods in the OS module that CAN do this?

Answer 1

The path given to open should be relative to the current working directory, the directory from which you run the script. So the above example will only work if you run it from the cgi-bin directory.

A simple solution would be to make your path relative to the script. One possible solution.

from os import path

basepath = path.dirname(__file__)
filepath = path.abspath(path.join(basepath, "..", "..", "fileIwantToOpen.txt"))
f = open(filepath, "r")

This way you'll get the path of the script you're running (basepath) and join that with the relative path of the file you want to open. os.path will take care of the details of joining the two paths.

Answer 2

This should move you into the directory where the script is located, if you are not there already:

file_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
if file_path != "":
    os.chdir(file_path)
open("../../fileIwantToOpen.txt","r")