Python和re.compile返回不一致的结果

Question

I'm trying to replace all instances of href="../directory" with href="../directory/index.html" .

In Python, this

reg = re.compile(r'<a href="../(.*?)">')
for match in re.findall(reg, input_html):
    output_html = input_html.replace(match, match+'index.html')

produces the following output:

href="../personal-autonomy/index.htmlindex.htmlindex.htmlindex.html"  
href="../paternalism/index.html"  
href="../principle-beneficence/index.htmlindex.htmlindex.html"  
href="../decision-capacity/index.htmlindex.htmlindex.html" 

Any idea why it works with the second link, but the others don't?

Relevant part of the source:

<p> 

 <a href="../personal-autonomy/">autonomy: personal</a> |
 <a href="../principle-beneficence/">beneficence, principle of</a> |
 <a href="../decision-capacity/">decision-making capacity</a> |
 <a href="../legal-obligation/">legal obligation and authority</a> |
 <a href="../paternalism/">paternalism</a> |
 <a href="../identity-personal/">personal identity</a> |
 <a href="../identity-ethics/">personal identity: and ethics</a> |
 <a href="../respect/">respect</a> |
 <a href="../well-being/">well-being</a> 

</p> 

EDIT : The repeated 'index.html' is actually the result of multiple matches. (eg href="../personal-autonomy/index.htmlindex.htmlindex.htmlindex.html" is because ../personal-autonomy is found four times in the original source).

As a general regex question, how would you replace all instances without adding an additional 'index.html' to all matches?

Answer 1

Don't parse html with regexs:

import re    
from lxml import html

def replace_link(link):
    if re.match(r"\.\./[^/]+/$", link):
        link += "index.html"
    return link

print html.rewrite_links(your_html_text, replace_link)

Output

<p> 

 <a href="../personal-autonomy/index.html">autonomy: personal</a> |
 <a href="../principle-beneficence/index.html">beneficence, principle of</a> |
 <a href="../decision-capacity/index.html">decision-making capacity</a> |
 <a href="../legal-obligation/index.html">legal obligation and authority</a> |
 <a href="../paternalism/index.html">paternalism</a> |
 <a href="../identity-personal/index.html">personal identity</a> |
 <a href="../identity-ethics/index.html">personal identity: and ethics</a> |
 <a href="../respect/index.html">respect</a> |
 <a href="../well-being/index.html">well-being</a> 

</p>

Answer 2

I think i found out the problem

reg = re.compile(r'<a href="../(.*?)">')

for match in re.findall(reg, input_html):

output_html = input_html.replace(match, match+'index.html')

Here 'input_html' is modified inside the for loop and then same 'input_html' is searched again for the regex which is the bug :)

Answer 3

Have your tied escaping your first two . ?

reg = re.compile(r'<a[ ]href="[.][.]/(.*?)">')

But I would try to use lxml instead.

Answer 4

The problem is the content of the a-tag also matches what you try to replace.

It's in no way the ideal way to do it, but I think you will find it works correctly if you replace your regex with:

reg = re.compile(r'<a href="(\.\./.*?)">')

Answer 5

There is an error in your regex in that the .. does not match two dots. Instead, it is the . metacharacter . To mean a dot, you need to escape it.

Your regex should be: <a href="\\.\\./(.*?)"

Besides, assuming all your href are of the form ../somedirectory/ you can get away with a simpler regex:

for match in re.compile(r'<a href="(.*?)"').findall(html):
    html = html.replace(match, match + "index.html")

Here, the regex matches

<a href="    # start of the taf and attribute
(            # start of a group
 .*          # any character, any number of times
)            # end of group
"            # end of the attribute