如何使用LINQ to XML从节点获取值？

Question

I have this XML file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<aBase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <a>
    <a>
      <b>some data</b>
      <c>other data</c>
    </a>
    <a>
      <b>some data</b>
      <c>other data</c>
    </a>
  </a>
</aBase>

I want to get all data from <b> nodes using LINQ to XML. I have tried something like this:

var query = from c in xmlData.Descendants("b")
            select c.Value;

but it doesn't work.

How can I do this? Also, what is the difference between Descendents, Elements and Nodes?

Answer 1

You can write this query to get all information from inner a nodes:

var query = from e in doc.Root.Elements( "a" ).Elements( "a" )
            select new { B = e.Element( "b" ).Value, C = e.Element( "c" ).Value };

But this is just a query. To execute it and work with results write this code:

foreach ( var e in query )
{
    // Do something with results... For example, write to console:
    Console.WriteLine( "B: " + e.B + ", C: " + e.C );
}

Node is the one element of the XML tree. aBase element, all the a , b and c elements - the nodes of the XML document.

Elements is just the child elements of selected node (in one level of hierarchy). For example for the aBase node the only child element is the outer a element, not the inner a , b or c element.

Descendants is all the elements that are child or descendants to the current node (in all levels of hierarchy). All elements are the descendants to the aBase element because it is the main element of the document.

Answer 2

xmlData.Descendants("b") will give you a collection of XElements with XName equal to "b". You can then iteration over this collection to get every value:

var data = xmlData.Descendants("b");
foreach (XElement b in data)
{
 string value = b.Value;
 // do something with value here
}

Descendants will give you any Element that is a descendant, not only the direct children, but also the children of them. So in your case xmlData.Root.Descendants("b") will return a collection over every B element in the file. Elements does the same thing but only for direct descendants and Nodes does the same thing but includes comments and textNodes.

Answer 3

Here you go:

XDocument doc = XDocument.Parse(xml);

XNamespace ns = doc.Root.Name.Namespace;
var query = doc.Root.Elements(ns + "a").Elements(ns + "a").Elements().Select(el => el.Value);

Please note that you don't even need neither the Descendants method nor iteration through descendants. Elements without parameters returns direct descendants, and Select method extracts values of descendants. And don't forget about xml namespace or elements names could not be found. Without namespace you're trying to extract different elements, not the elements in your xml.

As for difference between different methods:

1. Nodes() returns IEnumerable<XNode>
2. Elements() returns IEnumerable<XElement>
3. Descendants() returns all descendant elements (including all deeply nested elements in opposite to Nodes and Elements return only 1st level child elements of calling element.

Answer 4

var query = from c in xmlData.Descendants("b").First()
        select c.Value;