如何在其他脚本中使用 .bashrc 中定义的别名？

Question

In ~/.bashrc, I defined some aliases. But I cannot use them in other shell scripts, where I can only use aliases defined right there. Even though I sourced bashrc, it still did not work. What should I do?

PS. I'm in bash.

Answer 1

除了采购~/.bashrc之外，您还需要在脚本中执行shopt -s expand_aliases 。

Answer 2

The simplest answer is to do the 2 important things or it wont' work.

#!/bin/bash -i

# Expand aliases defined in the shell ~/.bashrc
shopt -s expand_aliases

After this, your aliases that you have defined in ~/.bashrc they will be available in your shell script (giga.sh or any.sh) and to any function or child shell within such script.

If you don't do that, you'll get an error:

your_cool_alias: command not found

Answer 3

我遇到了这个问题，我用这个命令重新加载了文件来修复它。

$ source ~/.bashrc 

Answer 4

Stolen from enzotib on ask ubuntu: Alias are deprecated in favor of shell functions. From bash manual page:

For almost every purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.

To create a function, and export it to subshells, put the following in your ~/.bashrc :

petsc() {
    ~/petsc-3.2-p6/petsc-arch/bin/mpiexec "$@"
}
export -f petsc

Then you can freely call your command from your scripts.

Answer 5

.bashrc is meant for one purpose: to configure the environment for your interactive shells. If you have code that you want shared between your .bashrc and other scripts, then it belongs in a separate file that is sourced by each of your .bashrc and shell script.

Answer 6

There is a way of doing it globally without adding lines to each script you execute: by using the BASH_ENV variable.

Here is my setup for OS X 10.8.5:

/etc/launchd.conf:

setenv BASH_ENV /Users/DK/.env

~/.bash_profile:

# == Bash setup for interactive shells ==    
# === Environment for all shells ===
. $BASH_ENV    
# [skipped]

~/.env:

# == Setup for all shells ==
# This is executed for all interactive and for non-interactive shells (e.g. scripts)

shopt -s expand_aliases extglob xpg_echo

# [skipped] Misc. variables and PATH setup

# === General aliases ===

alias pause='echo "Press [Return] or [Enter] to continue..."; read' # read -p does not display prompt in Eclipse console

# [skipped]