正则表达式检查字符串仅包含十六进制字符

Question

I have never done regex before, and I have seen they are very useful for working with strings. I saw a few tutorials (for example) but I still cannot understand how to make a simple Java regex check for hexadecimal characters in a string.

The user will input in the text box something like: 0123456789ABCDEF and I would like to know that the input was correct otherwise if something like XTYSPG456789ABCDEF when return false.

Is it possible to do that with a regex or did I misunderstand how they work?

Answer 1

Yes, you can do that with a regular expression:

^[0-9A-F]+$

Explanation:

^            Start of line.
[0-9A-F]     Character class: Any character in 0 to 9, or in A to F.
+            Quantifier: One or more of the above.
$            End of line.

---

To use this regular expression in Java you can for example call the matches method on a String:

boolean isHex = s.matches("[0-9A-F]+");

Note that matches finds only an exact match so you don't need the start and end of line anchors in this case. See it working online: ideone

You may also want to allow both upper and lowercase AF, in which case you can use this regular expression:

^[0-9A-Fa-f]+$

Answer 2

May be you want to use the POSIX character class \\p{XDigit} , so:

^\\p{XDigit}+$

Additionally, if you plan to use the regular expression very often, it is recommended to use a constant in order to avoid recompile it each time, eg:

private static final Pattern REGEX_PATTERN = 
        Pattern.compile("^\\p{XDigit}+$");

public static void main(String[] args) {
    String input = "0123456789ABCDEF";
    System.out.println(
        REGEX_PATTERN.matcher(input).matches()
    );  // prints "true"
}

Answer 3

Actually, the given answer is not totally correct. The problem arises because the numbers 0-9 are also decimal values. PART of what you have to do is to test for 00-99 instead of just 0-9 to ensure that the lower values are not decimal numbers. Like so:

^([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})+$

To say these have to come in pairs! Otherwise - the string is something else! :-)

Example:

   (Pick one)
   var a = "1e5";
   var a = "10";
   var a = "314159265";

If I used the accepted answer in a regular expression it would return TRUE.

   var re1 = new RegExp( /^[0-9A-Fa-f]+$/ );
   var re2 = new RegExp( /^([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})+$/ );

   if( re1.test(a) ){ alert("#1 = This is a hex value!"); }
   if( re2.test(a) ){ alert("#2 = This IS a hex string!"); }
     else { alert("#2 = This is NOT a hex string!"); }

Note that the "10" returns TRUE in both cases. If an incoming string only has 0-9 you can NOT tell, easily if it is a hex value or a decimal value UNLESS there is a missing zero in front of off length strings (hex values always come in pairs - ie - Low byte/high byte). But values like "34" are both perfectly valid decimal OR hexadecimal numbers. They just mean two different things.

Also note that "3.14159265" is not a hex value no matter which test you do because of the period. But with the addition of the "{2}" you at least ensure it really is a hex string rather than something that LOOKS like a hex string.