在 Gson 中使用泛型

Question

I am trying to create a generic class for use with Google Gson . I've created the class GsonJsonConverterImplementation<T> . This class has the following method:

public T deserialize(String jsonString) {
    GsonBuilder builder = new GsonBuilder();
    builder.setDateFormat("MM/dd/yy HH:mm:ss");

    Gson gson = builder.create();
    return gson.fromJson(jsonString, T); // T.class etc. what goes here
}

The goal is that this method should be able to work with whatever Type I have set my GsonJsonConverterImplementation to work with. Unfortunately, gson.fromJson(jsonString, T) does not work, nor does using T.class in place of T. I am sure the issue stems from my lack of understanding of Java generic types. What is the correct way of using a generic with Gson?

Edit
Using Kris's answer I would assume that this should work. Unfortunately, clazz cannot be used in this manner and causes a compiler error. What are my options for working with a collection and a generic type with Gson?

public List<T> deserializeList(String jsonString, Class<T> clazz) {
    GsonBuilder builder = new GsonBuilder();
    builder.setDateFormat("MM/dd/yy HH:mm:ss");
    Gson gson = builder.create();

    Type listType = new TypeToken<clazz>(){}.getType(); // compiler error

    return gson.fromJson(jsonString, listType);
}

Answer 1

The simplest approach for what you are attempting is to define the type of class which is to be returned in the method signature itself. You can do so by either passing an instance of 'T' to the method or the Class of the value to be returned. The second approach is the more typical in cases where you expect to generate a return value. Here is an example of this approach using Gson:

public <T> T deserialize(String jsonString, Class<T> clazz) {
    GsonBuilder builder = new GsonBuilder();
    builder.setDateFormat("MM/dd/yy HH:mm:ss");

    Gson gson = builder.create();
    return gson.fromJson(jsonString, clazz);
}

Usage:

MyClass mc = deserialize(jsonString, MyClass.class);

Answer 2

To get the runtime type of List<T> , given the class of T , it would suck because JDK didn't think we need it so there's no support. You can subclass ParameterizedType , but it really sucks.

    Type typeListT = new ParameterizedType()
    {
        public Type[] getActualTypeArguments()
        {
            return new Type[]{clazz};
        }
        public Type getRawType()
        {
            return List.class;
        }
        public Type getOwnerType()
        {
            return null;
        }
        public boolean equals(Object obj)
        {
            // must implement equals per spec. this sucks
        }
        public int hashCode()
        {
            // this blows! Java forgot to specific it!
            // since we override equals, we should override hashCode
            // we have no idea what value should be returned here!
            // note we are co-existing with other ParameterizedType impls
        }
    };

Answer 3

I am using these method to read & write Object using GSON.

public static <T> void saveAnyTypeOfObject(String key, T value){
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        String json = gson.toJson(value);
        SharedPref.save(key, json);
    }
    //Type listType = new TypeToken<YourClass>(){}.getType();
    public static <T> T readAnyTypeOfObject(String key, Type tt) {
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        String json = SharedPref.read(key, "{}");
        T obj = gson.fromJson(json, tt);
        return obj;
    }

read it like

  TypeToken<YourClassName> typeToken= new TypeToken<YourClassName>() {};
  YourClassName yourClassName = ListSharedPref.readAnyTypeOfObject("keyForSavingClass", typeToken.getType());

and save it like

YourClassName yourClassName = gson.fromJson(objJsonObject.toString(),YourClassName.class);               
ListSharedPref.saveAnyTypeOfObject("keyForSavingClass",yourClassName);

Answer 4

If you have serialized a generic object like GenericClass<T> While deserializing you should provide a wrapper class with exact type for example:

public class WrapperClass extends GenericClass<Integer>{
// body is not required
}

then you can call:

GsonInstance.fromJson(string, WrapperClass.class);