[英]Encode (and redirect) to a URL that has special characters in Java
I have a URL in a String object like this: 我在这样的String对象中有一个URL:
http://bhorowitz.com/2011/03/24/bubble-trouble-i-don 't-think-so/ http://bhorowitz.com/2011/03/24/bubble-trouble-i-don't-think-so /
the URL may or may not contain unicode characters that need to be encoded. 该URL可能包含也可能不包含需要编码的unicode字符。 For example, the link above should be transformed to: 例如,上面的链接应转换为:
http://bhorowitz.com/2011/03/24/bubble-trouble-i-don%e2%80%99t-think-so/ http://bhorowitz.com/2011/03/24/bubble-trouble-i-don%e2%80%99t-think-so/
before I redirect to it. 在我重定向到它之前。
How do I properly escape all special characters (such as unicode) while keeping the rest of the URL structure intact? 如何在保留其余URL结构完整的同时正确地转义所有特殊字符(例如unicode)? Is there something out there already that will do this or do I need to roll my own? 是否已经有东西可以做到这一点,或者我需要自己动手做?
Edit: the tricky part is that I need to escape only invalid characters while leaving the rest of the URL untouched (eg http:// should remain http:// and should not be escaped). 编辑:棘手的部分是,我只需要转义无效字符,而其余URL保持不变(例如,http://应该保持http://且不应转义)。 URLEncoder, as far as I can tell, does not allow me to do this. 据我所知,URLEncoder不允许我这样做。
I think this is what you were actually looking for: 我认为这是您真正想要的:
new URL(yourURLString).toURI().toASCIIString();
It will only encode the required characters while leaving everything else untouched. 它只会对所需的字符进行编码,而其他所有内容都保持不变。
JDK ships with enough tools to handle what you want. JDK附带了足够的工具来满足您的需求。 Please reffer to documentation: http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/URLEncoder.html and http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/URLDecoder.html 请参考文档: http : //download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/URLEncoder.html和http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java /net/URLDecoder.html
Usage is pretty straightforward. 用法非常简单。
String decoded = URLDecoder.decode("url%20to%20decode", "UTF-8");
String encoded = URLEncoder.encode("url to decode", "UTF-8");
Please notice, that proper character encoding should be provided. 请注意,应提供正确的字符编码。 Both classes have single parameter versions of those methods, but they are considered deprecated. 这两个类都具有这些方法的单个参数版本,但是它们被认为已弃用。
I believe this does what you want. 我相信这是您想要的。 It'll encode anything not a /
in the path though. 但是它将在路径中编码非/
任何内容。 It's not perhaps the most elegant solution, yet it should be safe to use. 这可能不是最优雅的解决方案,但应该安全使用。
// make sure url is valid before parsing it
try {
new URL(url);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
return;
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(url).useDelimiter("/");
// append the protocol part, e.g. http://
sb.append(scanner.next());
sb.append('/');
// append the hostname part
sb.append(scanner.next());
sb.append('/');
// encode each part of path
while (scanner.hasNext()) {
String part = scanner.next();
sb.append(URLEncoder.encode(part, "UTF-8"));
sb.append('/');
}
// remove trailing slash if original doesn't have one
if (!url.endsWith("/")) {
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
}
String encoded = sb.toString();
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