Python：将字符串拆分为单词，保存分隔符

Question

I have a string:

'Specified, if char, else 10 (default).'

I want to split it into two tuples

words=('Specified', 'if', 'char', 'else', '10', 'default')

separators=(',', ' ', ',', ' ', ' (', ').')

Does anyone have a quick solution of this?

PS: this symbol '-' is a word separator, not part of the word

Answer 1

import re
line = 'Specified, if char, else 10 (default).'
words = re.split(r'\)?[, .]\(?', line)
# words = ['Specified', '', 'if', 'char', '', 'else', '10', 'default', '']
separators = re.findall(r'\)?[, .]\(?', line)
# separators = [',', ' ', ' ', ',', ' ', ' ', ' (', ').']

If you really want tuples pass the results in tuple() , if you do not want words to have the empty entries (from between the commas and spaces), use the following:

words = [x for x in re.split(r'\)?[, .]\(?', line) if x]

or

words = tuple(x for x in re.split(r'\)?[, .]\(?', line) if x)

Answer 2

You can use regex for that.

>>> a='Specified, if char, else 10 (default).'
>>> from re import split
>>> split(",? ?\(?\)?\.?",a)
['Specified', 'if', 'char', 'else', '10', 'default', '']

But in this solution you should write that pattern yourself. If you want to use that tuple, you should convert it contents to regex pattern for that in this solution.

Answer 3

Regex to find all separators (assumed anything that's not alpha numeric

import re
re.findall('[^\w]', string)

Answer 4

I probably would first .split() on spaces into a list, then iterate through the list, using a regex to check for a character after the word boundary.

import re
s = 'Specified, if char, else 10 (default).'
w = s.split()
seperators = []
finalwords = []
for word in words:
    match = re.search(r'(\w+)\b(.*)', word)
    sep = '' if match is None else match.group(2)
    finalwords.append(match.group(1))
    seperators.append(sep)

Answer 5

In pass to get both separators and words you could use findall as follows:

import re
line = 'Specified, if char, else 10 (default).'
words = []
seps = []
for w,s in re.findall("(\w*)([), .(]+)", line):
   words.append(w)
   seps.append(s)

Answer 6

Here's my crack at it:

>>> p = re.compile(r'(\)? *[,.]? *\(?)')
>>> tmp = p.split('Specified, char, else 10 (default).')
>>> words = tmp[::2]
>>> separators = tmp[1::2]
>>> print words
['Specified', 'char', 'else', '10', 'default', '']
>>> print separators
[', ', ', ', ' ', ' (', ').']

The only problem is you can have a '' at the end or the beginning of words if there is a separator at the beginning/end of the sentence without anything before/after it. However, that is easily checked for and eliminated.