如何在 html/css/js 中创建一个折叠树表？

Question

I have some data to display that is both tabular and hierarchical. I'd like to let the user be able to expand and collapse the nodes.

Sort of like this, except functional:

http://www.maxdesign.com.au/articles/tree-table/

What would be the best way to approach this? I'm not adverse to using an off-the-shelf plugin.

Answer 1

SlickGrid has this functionality, see the tree demo .

If you want to build your own, here is an example ( jsFiddle demo ): Build your table with a data-depth attribute to indicate the depth of the item in the tree (the levelX CSS classes are just for styling indentation):

<table id="mytable">
    <tr data-depth="0" class="collapse level0">
        <td><span class="toggle collapse"></span>Item 1</td>
        <td>123</td>
    </tr>
    <tr data-depth="1" class="collapse level1">
        <td><span class="toggle"></span>Item 2</td>
        <td>123</td>
    </tr>
</table>

Then when a toggle link is clicked, use Javascript to hide all <tr> elements until a <tr> of equal or less depth is found (excluding those already collapsed):

$(function() {
    $('#mytable').on('click', '.toggle', function () {
        //Gets all <tr>'s  of greater depth below element in the table
        var findChildren = function (tr) {
            var depth = tr.data('depth');
            return tr.nextUntil($('tr').filter(function () {
                return $(this).data('depth') <= depth;
            }));
        };

        var el = $(this);
        var tr = el.closest('tr'); //Get <tr> parent of toggle button
        var children = findChildren(tr);

        //Remove already collapsed nodes from children so that we don't
        //make them visible. 
        //(Confused? Remove this code and close Item 2, close Item 1 
        //then open Item 1 again, then you will understand)
        var subnodes = children.filter('.expand');
        subnodes.each(function () {
            var subnode = $(this);
            var subnodeChildren = findChildren(subnode);
            children = children.not(subnodeChildren);
        });

        //Change icon and hide/show children
        if (tr.hasClass('collapse')) {
            tr.removeClass('collapse').addClass('expand');
            children.hide();
        } else {
            tr.removeClass('expand').addClass('collapse');
            children.show();
        }
        return children;
    });
});

Answer 2

In modern browsers, you need only very little to code to create a collapsible tree :

 var tree = document.querySelectorAll('ul.tree a:not(:last-child)'); for(var i = 0; i < tree.length; i++){ tree[i].addEventListener('click', function(e) { var parent = e.target.parentElement; var classList = parent.classList; if(classList.contains("open")) { classList.remove('open'); var opensubs = parent.querySelectorAll(':scope .open'); for(var i = 0; i < opensubs.length; i++){ opensubs[i].classList.remove('open'); } } else { classList.add('open'); } e.preventDefault(); }); }

 body { font-family: Arial; } ul.tree li { list-style-type: none; position: relative; } ul.tree li ul { display: none; } ul.tree li.open > ul { display: block; } ul.tree li a { color: black; text-decoration: none; } ul.tree li a:before { height: 1em; padding:0 .1em; font-size: .8em; display: block; position: absolute; left: -1.3em; top: .2em; } ul.tree li > a:not(:last-child):before { content: '+'; } ul.tree li.open > a:not(:last-child):before { content: '-'; }

 <ul class="tree"> <li><a href="#">Part 1</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Item A</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item B</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item C</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item D</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item E</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Part 2</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Item A</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item B</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item C</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item D</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item E</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Part 3</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Item A</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item B</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item C</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item D</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#">Item E</a> <ul> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 1</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 2</a></li> <li><a href="#">Sub-item 3</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>

(see also this Fiddle )

Answer 3

jquery is your friend here.

http://docs.jquery.com/UI/Tree

If you want to make your own, here is some high level guidance:

Display all of your data as <ul /> elements with the inner data as nested <ul /> , and then use the jquery:

$('.ulClass').click(function(){ $(this).children().toggle(); });

I believe that is correct. Something like that.

EDIT:

Here is a complete example.

 $(".Collapsable").click(function () { $(this).parent().children().toggle(); $(this).toggle(); });

 <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <ul> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span><ul> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span><ul> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li> </ul> </li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span><ul> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span><ul> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li> </ul> </li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span><ul> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 1</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 2</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 3</span></li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li> </ul> </li> <li><span class="Collapsable">item 4</span></li> </ul>

Answer 4

I'll throw jsTree into the ring, too. I've found it fairly adaptable to your particular situation. It's packed as a jQuery plugin.

It can run from a variety of data sources, but my favorite is a simple nested list, as described by @joe_coolish or here:

<ul>
  <li>
    Item 1
    <ul>
      <li>Item 1.1</li>
      ...
    </ul>
  </li>
  ...
</ul>

This structure fails gracefully into a static tree when JS is not available in the client, and is easy enough to read and understand from a coding perspective.

Answer 5

HTML 5 allows summary tag, details element. That can be used to view or hide (collapse/expand) a section. Link

Answer 6

You can try jQuery treegrid ( http://maxazan.github.io/jquery-treegrid/ ) or jQuery treetable ( http://ludo.cubicphuse.nl/jquery-treetable/ )

Both are using HTML <table> tag format and styled the as tree.

The jQuery treetable is using data-tt-id and data-tt-parent-id for determining the parent and child of the tree. Usage example:

<table id="tree">
  <tr data-tt-id="1">
    <td>Parent</td>
  </tr>
  <tr data-tt-id="2" data-tt-parent-id="1">
    <td>Child</td>
  </tr>
</table>
$("#tree").treetable({ expandable: true });

Meanwhile, jQuery treegrid is using only class for styling the tree. Usage example:

<table class="tree">
    <tr class="treegrid-1">
        <td>Root node</td><td>Additional info</td>
    </tr>
    <tr class="treegrid-2 treegrid-parent-1">
        <td>Node 1-1</td><td>Additional info</td>
    </tr>
    <tr class="treegrid-3 treegrid-parent-1">
        <td>Node 1-2</td><td>Additional info</td>
    </tr>
    <tr class="treegrid-4 treegrid-parent-3">
        <td>Node 1-2-1</td><td>Additional info</td>
    </tr>
</table>
<script type="text/javascript">
  $('.tree').treegrid();
</script>