从 Java 打开一个新的提示/终端窗口

Question

I want to open a new terminal window, which will run a certain command upon opening. It preferably needs to be a real native window, and I don't mind writing different code for linux/osx/windows.

I'm assuming an emulated terminal would work, as long as it supports everything a real terminal would do and isn't just printing lines of output from a command.

Answer 1

Will this work?

// windows only
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd /c start cmd.exe");
p.waitFor();

Answer 2

Opening an actual terminal window will definitely require different code for each OS. For Mac, you want something like:

Runtime.getRuntime().exec("/usr/bin/open -a Terminal /path/to/the/executable");

Answer 3

I've used this on Ubuntu(X11 Desktop) 10.04 ~ 14.04, and other Debian distro's. Works fine; although, you may consider using Java's ProcessBuilder .

// GNU/Linux -- example

Runtime.getRuntime().exec("/usr/bin/x-terminal-emulator --disable-factory -e cat README.txt");

 //  --disable-factory    Do not register with the activation nameserver, do not re-use an active terminal
//    -e                  Execute the argument to this option inside the terminal.

Answer 4

You need information about the OS you're running. For that you could use code like this:

public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String nameOS = "os.name";        
        String versionOS = "os.version";        
        String architectureOS = "os.arch";
        System.out.println("\n    The information about OS");
        System.out.println("\nName of the OS: " + 
        System.getProperty(nameOS));
        System.out.println("Version of the OS: " + 
        System.getProperty(versionOS));
        System.out.println("Architecture of THe OS: " + 
        System.getProperty(architectureOS));
    }

Then for each OS you would have to use different invocations as described by Bala R and Mike Baranczak

Answer 5

for Java to use Windows taskkill, try this:

    try {
      // start notepad before running this app
      Process p1 = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd /c start cmd.exe"); // launch terminal first
      p1.waitFor();
      Process p2 = Runtime.getRuntime().exec( "taskkill /F /IM notepad.exe" );  // now send taskkill command
      p2.waitFor();
      Process p3 = Runtime.getRuntime().exec( "taskkill /F /IM cmd.exe" );  // finally, close terminal
      p3.waitFor();
    } catch (IOException ex) {
        System.out.println(ex);
    } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
        Logger.getLogger(RT2_JFrame.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
    } // close try-catch-catch

you need to have the cmd terminal running before taskkill works.