在DocumentViewer中快速显示

Question

I'm building a WPF application in which I need to display document previews such as what is achievable with a DocumentViewer and DocumentPaginator. However, converting the report to XPS and loading it into a DocumentViewer has proven to be very slow when the report is large (as a common report I'll need to display is).

This lead me to start thinking that there is probably some way to start showing the first few pages of the report while the rest of the pages are being 'loaded' into the DocumentViewer -- basically loading/showing the pages as they're created .

Does anyone know if something like this is possible? And, if so, how would you suggest I get started trying to make it work? I've spent a few hours looking around online for a solution to display the report faster, but haven't come up with anything.

For the sake of full disclosure, in this case the report I need to display is being created in HTML. I know that I need to convert it to XPS in order to use the DocumentViewer, but I bring this up because if anyone has a fast way of displaying the HTML, please feel free to bring that up too. I can't use a WebBrowser control as I have to have the display in a 'print preview' type of mode. A good algorithm for deciding how to 'paginate' an HTML site would probably lead me to a solution to this problem as well as then I could create a custom control to display it. I'd use a DocumentPaginator, but then the outputted file is XPS and then I'm back to the DocumentViewer issue.

Again, any help is greatly appreciated. Thank you!

Answer 1

Ok, I think I've got something...

Once again I found a better URL to reference. This one wasn't loading for me straight up so I grabbed it from the Google cache: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:LgceMCkJBrsJ:joshclose.net/%3Fp%3D247

Define the IViewObject interface as described in each article:

    [ComVisible(true), ComImport()]
    [GuidAttribute("0000010d-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
    [InterfaceTypeAttribute(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    public interface IViewObject
    {
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
        [PreserveSig]
        int Draw(
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] UInt32 dwDrawAspect,
            int lindex,
            IntPtr pvAspect,
            [In] IntPtr ptd,
            IntPtr hdcTargetDev,
            IntPtr hdcDraw,
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] ref Rectangle lprcBounds,
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] ref Rectangle lprcWBounds,
            IntPtr pfnContinue,
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] UInt32 dwContinue);
        [PreserveSig]
        int GetColorSet([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwDrawAspect,
           int lindex, IntPtr pvAspect, [In] IntPtr ptd,
            IntPtr hicTargetDev, [Out] IntPtr ppColorSet);
        [PreserveSig]
        int Freeze([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwDrawAspect,
                        int lindex, IntPtr pvAspect, [Out] IntPtr pdwFreeze);
        [PreserveSig]
        int Unfreeze([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwFreeze);
        void SetAdvise([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int aspects,
          [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int advf,
          [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IAdviseSink pAdvSink);
        void GetAdvise([In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] int[] paspects,
          [In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] int[] advf,
          [In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] IAdviseSink[] pAdvSink);
    }

Create an HtmlPaginator class that screenshots the browser's document (as described) but then crops it into pages / frames:

    class HtmlPaginator
    {
        public event EventHandler<PageImageEventArgs> PageReady;

        protected virtual void OnPageReady(PageImageEventArgs e)
        {
            EventHandler<PageImageEventArgs> handler = this.PageReady;
            if (handler != null)
                handler(this, e);
        }

        public class PageImageEventArgs : EventArgs
        {
            public Image PageImage { get; set; }
            public int PageNumber { get; set; }
        }

        public void GeneratePages(string doc)
        {
            Bitmap htmlImage = RenderHtmlToBitmap(doc);

            int pageWidth = 800;
            int pageHeight = 600;

            int xLoc = 0;
            int yLoc = 0;
            int pages = 0;

            do
            {
                int remainingHeightOrPageHeight = Math.Min(htmlImage.Height - yLoc, pageHeight);
                int remainingWidthOrPageWidth = Math.Min(htmlImage.Width - xLoc, pageWidth);
                Rectangle cropFrame = new Rectangle(xLoc, yLoc, remainingWidthOrPageWidth, remainingHeightOrPageHeight);

                Bitmap page = htmlImage.Clone(cropFrame, htmlImage.PixelFormat);

                pages++;
                PageImageEventArgs args = new PageImageEventArgs { PageImage = page, PageNumber = pages };
                OnPageReady(args);

                yLoc += pageHeight;

                if (yLoc > htmlImage.Height)
                {
                    xLoc += pageWidth;

                    if (xLoc < htmlImage.Width)
                    {
                        yLoc = 0;
                    }
                }
            } 
            while (yLoc < htmlImage.Height && xLoc < htmlImage.Width);
        }

        private static Bitmap RenderHtmlToBitmap(string doc)
        {
            Bitmap htmlImage = null;

            using (var webBrowser = new WebBrowser())
            {
                webBrowser.ScrollBarsEnabled = false;
                webBrowser.ScriptErrorsSuppressed = true;
                webBrowser.DocumentText = doc;

                while (webBrowser.ReadyState != WebBrowserReadyState.Complete)
                {
                    Application.DoEvents();
                }

                webBrowser.Width = webBrowser.Document.Body.ScrollRectangle.Width;
                webBrowser.Height = webBrowser.Document.Body.ScrollRectangle.Height;

                htmlImage = new Bitmap(webBrowser.Width, webBrowser.Height);
                using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(htmlImage))
                {
                    var hdc = graphics.GetHdc();

                    var rect1 = new Rectangle(0, 0, webBrowser.Width, webBrowser.Height);
                    var rect2 = new Rectangle(0, 0, webBrowser.Width, webBrowser.Height);

                    var viewObject = (IViewObject)webBrowser.Document.DomDocument;
                    viewObject.Draw(1, -1, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, hdc, ref rect1, ref rect2, IntPtr.Zero, 0);

                    graphics.ReleaseHdc(hdc);
                }
            }

            return htmlImage;
        }
    }

Call it like so:

        WebBrowser browser = new WebBrowser();
        browser.Navigate("http://www.stackoverflow.com");

        while (browser.ReadyState != WebBrowserReadyState.Complete)
        {
            Application.DoEvents();
        }

        HtmlPaginator pagr = new HtmlPaginator();

        pagr.PageReady += new EventHandler<HtmlPaginator.PageImageEventArgs>(pagr_PageReady);

        pagr.GeneratePages(browser.DocumentText);

To test it I implemented a basic form with a button and a picture box and a List collection. I add pages to the collection as they're ready from the HtmlPaginator and use the button to add the next image to the picturebox.

The magic numbers are your desired width and height. I used 800x600 but you probably have different dimensions you want.

The downside here is you're still waiting for the WebBrowser to render the HTML but I really don't see how an alternate solution is going to reduce that time - something has to interpret and draw the HTML in the first place. Write your own web browser I guess. :)

I did try playing with IViewObject.Draw to see if I could just have it render the page frames directly rather than have the cropping loop, but it wasn't working for me.