替换特定 HTML 元素/标签内的所有字符实例

Question

Adobe Dreamweaver's Search & Replace feature offers to limit its scope to "only inside of the xxxx HTML tag".

I want to do this with Mac OS X' command line (so will do anything that comes bundled with it).

For example, how do I remove all instances of the character "a" inside all <h1> with the command line?

Answer 1

You can use unix's sed command (which is available on mac too). eg

$ cat foo.xml 
<h1>axyzabca</h1>
<a href="foo.com">abc</a>
<h1>aa</h1>
<h1>a</h1>
<h1></h1>

$ cat foo.xml | sed 's/<h1>a*\([^a]*\)a*\([^a]*\)a*<\/h1>/<h1>\1\2<\/h1>/g' 
<h1>xyzbc</h1>
<a href="foo.com">abc</a>
<h1></h1>
<h1></h1>
<h1></h1>

(foo.xml is a sample input which covers common test cases)

Answer 2

This isn't much of a one-liner, but --

perl -ni -e '
    $/ = undef; $x = <>; $y = "";
    while ($x =~ m#^(.*?<h1>)(.*?)(</h1>)(.*)$#si) {
      $x = $4; $y .= $1; $c = $3;
      ($b = $2) =~ s/a/(something else)/g;
      $y .= $b . $c;
    } print $y . $x;
' filename.html