通过'ref'传递 - c＃

Question

Much to my dismay, the follow code wont compile.

It will however compile if I remove the ref keyword.

class xyz
{
    static void foo(ref object aaa)
    {
    }

    static void bar()
    {
        string bbb="";
        foo(ref bbb);
        //foo(ref (object)bbb); also doesnt work
    }
}

1. Can anyone explain this? Im guessing it has something to do with ref's being very strict with derived classes.

2. Is there any way I can pass an object of type string to foo(ref object varname) ?

Answer 1

It has to be an exact match, else foo could do:

aaa = 123;

which would be valid for foo (it will box the int to an object ), but not for bar (where it is a string ).

Two immediate options; firstly, use an intermediate variable and a type-check:

object tmp = bbb;
foo(ref tmp);
bbb = (string)tmp;

or alternatively, maybe try generics ( foo<T>(ref T aaa) ); or treat bbb as object instead of string .

Answer 2

No, there isn't. Imagine the following:

static void Foo(ref object obj)
{
    obj = new SomeObject();
}

static void Bar()
{
    string s = "";
    Foo(ref s);
}

Foo would try to assign a SomeObject to a variable that's actually a string !

Answer 3

When you pass a varaible by reference, it has to match the type exactly.

You can call the method by creating another varaible with the correct type:

string bbb = "";
object o = bbb;
foo(ref o);

If you want the changed value back in the string variable, you have to check the type and cast it:

bbb = o as string;

---

Consider using a return value instead of the ref keyword, and just return the changed value:

static object foo(object aaa) {

Usage:

o = foo(o);

Answer 4

You have to use the exact same type. You can use advantage of dynamic

public static void foo(ref object a)
{
    a = "foo";
}

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    string bbb = "";
    dynamic a = bbb;        // or object
    foo(ref a);
    bbb = a;                // if it was object you need to cast to string

    Console.WriteLine(bbb); // foo
}