Java - 通过在读取文本文件时覆盖从文本文件中删除行

Question

I'm trying to delete a line of text from a text file without copying to a temporary file. I am trying to do this by using a Printwriter and a Scanner and having them traverse the file at the same time, the writer writing what the Scanner reads and overwriting each line with the same thing, until it gets to the line that I wish to delete. Then, I advance the Scanner but not the writer, and continue as before. Here is the code:

But first, the parameters: My file names are numbers, so this would read 1.txt or 2.txt, etc, and so f specifies the file name. I convert it to a String in the constructor for a file. Int n is the index of the line that I want to delete.

public void deleteLine(int f, int n){
 try{
 Scanner reader = new Scanner(new File(f+".txt")); 
 PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(new File(f+".txt")),false); 
 for(int w=0; w<n; w++)
   writer.write(reader.nextLine()); 
 reader.nextLine(); 
 while(reader.hasNextLine())
   writer.write(reader.nextLine());
 } catch(Exception e){
   System.err.println("Enjoy the stack trace!");
   e.printStackTrace();
 }
}

It gives me strange errors. It says "NoSuchElementException" and "no line found" in the stack trace. It points to different lines; it seems that any of the nextLine() calls can do this. Is it possible to delete a line this way? If so, what am I doing wrong? If not, why? (BTW, just in case you'd want this, the text file is about 500 lines. I don't know if that counts as large or even matters, though.)

Answer 1

As others have pointed out, you might be better off using a temporary file, if there's a slightest risk that your program crashes mid way:

public static void removeNthLine(String f, int toRemove) throws IOException {

    File tmp = File.createTempFile("tmp", "");

    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(f));
    BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(tmp));

    for (int i = 0; i < toRemove; i++)
        bw.write(String.format("%s%n", br.readLine()));

    br.readLine();

    String l;
    while (null != (l = br.readLine()))
        bw.write(String.format("%s%n", l));

    br.close();
    bw.close();

    File oldFile = new File(f);
    if (oldFile.delete())
        tmp.renameTo(oldFile);

}

(Beware of the sloppy treatment of encodings, new-line characters and exception handling.)

---

However, I don't like answering questions with " I won't tell you how, because you shouldn't do it anyway. ". (In some other situation for instance, you may be working with a file that's larger than half your hard drive!) So here goes:

You need to use a RandomAccessFile instead. Using this class you can both read and write to the file using the same object:

public static void removeNthLine(String f, int toRemove) throws IOException {
    RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(f, "rw");

    // Leave the n first lines unchanged.
    for (int i = 0; i < toRemove; i++)
        raf.readLine();

    // Shift remaining lines upwards.
    long writePos = raf.getFilePointer();
    raf.readLine();
    long readPos = raf.getFilePointer();

    byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
    int n;
    while (-1 != (n = raf.read(buf))) {
        raf.seek(writePos);
        raf.write(buf, 0, n);
        readPos += n;
        writePos += n;
        raf.seek(readPos);
    }

    raf.setLength(writePos);
    raf.close();
}

Answer 2

You cannot do it this way. FileWriter can only append to a file, rather than write in the middle of it - You need RandomAccessFile if you want to write in the middle. What you do now - you override the file the first time you write to it (and it gets empty - that's why you get the exception). You can create FileWriter with append flag set to true - but this way you would append to a file rather than write in the middle of it.

I'd really recommend to write to a new file and then rename it at the end.

Answer 3

@shelley: you can't do what you are trying to do and what's more, you shouldn't. You should read the file and write to a temporary file for several reasons, for one, it's possible to do it this way (as opposed to what you're trying to do) and for another, if the process gets corrupted, you could bale out without loss of the original file. Now you could update a specific location of a file using a RandomAccessFile, but this is usually done (in my experience) when you are dealing with fixed sized records rather than typical text files.