使用递归查找列表中元素的索引

Question

def index(L,v)
    ''' Return index of value v in L '''
    pass

I need help with implementing this function using recursion. Really new to recursion stuff so any advice would help

Note that L is a list. v is a value.

Answer 1

That works

def recursive_index(L, v):
    return 0 if L[0] == v else 1 + recursive_index(L[1:], v)

but is pretty stupid (and will only work if the value exists)

You can add if v not in L: return -1 to make it work for any case, but that is even worst.

Do it really has to be recursive?

Answer 2

I assume this is homework.

So you need to understand recursion. Here's an example:

def countdown(n):
    if n == 0:
        print "Hello World!"
    else:
        print n
        countdown(n-1)

You need to start with a starting point, in your case it would probably be the 0th element.

You need an end point, which should be the length - 1 or when you find the element.

Simple if else should do here, with a modified version of countdown as above.

Answer 3

Yet another way:

def rec(l,v, index=0):
    try:
        if l[index] == v:
            return index
    except IndexError:
        return -1            

    return rec(l,v,index+1)

Answer 4

Why would someone write recursive code for that??

>>> [1,2,4,8].index(4)
2

Answer 5

L = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13]

def index(L, v):
    if len(L) == 0:
            return -1000000
    elif L[0] == v:
        return 0
    else:
        return 1 + index(L[1:], v)

print index(L, 7)
print index(L, 13)
print index(L, 100)

* Remote Interpreter Reinitialized *

6

8

-999991

Answer 6

Assuming 0 indexing, the following code will return the index of the element if it exists, or -1 if it is not contained in the list:

def index(L, v):
    if L == []:
        return -1
    elif L[0] == v:
        return 0
    rv = index(L[1:], v)
    if rv < 0:
        return rv
    return rv + 1

Answer 7

Here a tail recursive version of it:

def indexof(elem, list_):
    return indexof_tailrec(elem, list_, 0)

def indexof_tailrec(elem, list_, index):
    if index >= len(list_):
        return None
    if list_[index] == elem:
        return index
    return indexof_tailrec(elem, list_, index + 1)

Note, however, that Python does not have tail call optimization (at least not as far as I know).

Answer 8

A recursive solution to find the first occurence of an element using Binary Search is this -

def Binary_Search(l, val, low, high):
    if low > high:
        return -1
    mid = (low+high)//2
    if len(l) == 1:
        if l[0] == val:
            return 0
        return -1
    if l[mid] == val:
        if mid == 0 or l[mid-1] != l[mid]:
            return mid
        else:
            return Binary_Search(l, val, low, mid-1)
    elif l[mid] < val:
        return Binary_Search(l, val, mid+1, high)
    else:
        return Binary_Search(l, val, low, mid-1)

Answer 9

def fi(arr,x):
   if len(arr)==0:
        return -1
    elif arr[0]==x:
        return 0
    k= fi(arr[1:],x)
    if k== -1:
        return -1
    else:
        return k+1